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arXiv 1609.08259physics.chem-ph
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深度张量神经网络的量子化学洞察

Quantum-Chemical Insights from Deep Tensor Neural Networks

Kristof T. Schütt, Farhad Arbabzadah, Stefan Chmiela, Klaus R. Müller, Alexandre Tkatchenko

摘要:

从数据中学习导致了许多学科的范式转变,包括Web、文本和图像搜索、语音识别以及生物信息学。机器学习能否在理解量子多体系统方面实现类似的突破?在这里,我们开发了一种有效的深度学习方法,可以在空间和化学上解析分子系统的量子力学观测值。我们将多体哈密顿的概念与专门设计的深度张量神经网络(DTNN)统一起来,这导致了中等大小分子的组成和构型化学空间中的尺寸广泛和一致准确(1千卡/摩尔)的预测。作为化学相关性的一个例子,DTNN模型揭示了芳香环的稳定性分类-这是一个有用的属性,在训练数据集中不包含。DTNN在预测分子中的原子能和局部化学势、可靠的异构体能量和具有特殊电子结构的分子方面的进一步应用表明,机器学习在揭示复杂量子化学系统的新见解方面具有很高的潜力。

英文摘要:

Learning from data has led to paradigm shifts in a multitude of disciplines, including web, text, and image search, speech recognition, as well as bioinformatics. Can machine learning enable similar breakthroughs in understanding quantum many-body systems? Here we develop an efficient deep learning approach that enables spatially and chemically resolved insights into quantum-mechanical observables of molecular systems. We unify concepts from many-body Hamiltonians with purpose-designed deep tensor neural networks (DTNN), which leads to size-extensive and uniformly accurate (1 kcal/mol) predictions in compositional and configurational chemical space for molecules of intermediate size. As an example of chemical relevance, the DTNN model reveals a classification of aromatic rings with respect to their stability -- a useful property that is not contained as such in the training dataset. Further applications of DTNN for predicting atomic energies and local chemical potentials in molecules, reliable isomer energies, and molecules with peculiar electronic structure demonstrate the high potential of machine learning for revealing novel insights into complex quantum-chemical systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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