This note is an extension of [DZ23] there the supersymmetric vacua of three-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ gauge theories with matter are shown to be in one-to-one correspondence with the eigenstate of $\text{XXZ}$ integrable spin chain Hamiltonians with open boundary conditions. We consider the $A_{2}$ quiver gauge theory, which is the simplest non-trivial quiver gauge theory, and $sl_{3}$ open $\text{XXZ}$ spin chain with diagonal boundary condition. We demonstrate the correspondence between the vacuum equations of different gauge groups and Bethe Ansatz equations with different boundary parameters. Not only that, but we furthermore push forward the program to the general $A_{r}$ quiver gauge theory.
The topological vertex formalism for 5d $\mathcal{N}=1$ gauge theories is not only a convenient tool to compute the instanton partition function of these theories, but it is also accompanied by a nice algebraic structure that reveals various kinds of nice properties such as dualities and integrability of the underlying theories. The usual refined topological vertex formalism is derived for gauge theories with $A$-type quiver structure (and $A$-type gauge groups). In this article, we propose a construction with a web of vertex operators for all $ABCDEFG$-type and affine quivers by introducing s…
The representation of scalar products of Bethe wave functions in terms of the Dual Fields, proven by A.G.Izergin and V.E.Korepin in 1987, plays an important role in the theory of completely integrable models. The proof in \cite{Izergin87} and \cite{Korepin87} is based on the explicit expression for the "senior" coefficient which was guessed in \cite{Izergin87} and then proven to satisfy some recurrent relations, which determine it unambiguously. In this paper we present an alternative proof based on the direct computation.
We consider N = 3 supersymmetric Chern-Simons gauge theories with product unitary and orthosymplectic groups and bifundamental and fundamental fields. We study the partition functions on an S^3 by using the Kapustin-Willett-Yaakov matrix model. The saddlepoint equations in a large N limit lead to a constraint that the long range forces between the eigenvalues must cancel; the resulting quiver theories are of affine Dynkin type. We introduce a folding/unfolding trick which lets us, at the level of the large N matrix model, (i) map quivers with orthosymplectic groups to those with unitary groups…
M2-brane matrix models and Fermi gas on affine ABCD quivers
Université Bourgogne Europe（勃艮第欧洲大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)（法国高等研究院）；Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Fudan University（复旦大学数学与跨学科研中心）；Department of Physics and Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics, Fudan University（复旦大学物理系及场论与粒子物理中心）
In [1, 2], Nekrasov applied the Bethe/gauge correspondence to derive the $\mathfrak{su}\, (2)$ XXX spin-chain coordinate Bethe wavefunction from the IR limit of a 2D $\mathcal{N}=(2, 2)$ supersymmetric $A_1$ quiver gauge theory with an orbifold-type codimension-2 defect. Later, Bullimore, Kim and Lukowski implemented Nekrasov's construction at the level of the UV $A_1$ quiver gauge theory, recovered his result, and obtained further extensions of the Bethe/gauge correspondence [3]. In this work, we extend the construction of the defect to $A_M$ quiver gauge theories to obtain the $\mathfrak{su}…
We study the Gauge/Bethe correspondence for two-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ supersymmetric quiver gauge theories associated with toric Calabi-Yau three-folds, whose BPS algebras have recently been identified as the quiver Yangians. We start with the crystal representations of the quiver Yangian, which are placed at each site of the spin chain. We then construct integrable models by combining the single-site crystals into crystal chains by a coproduct of the algebra, which we determine by a combination of representation-theoretical and gauge-theoretical arguments. For non-chiral quivers, we…
We study the connection between N = 2 supersymmetric gauge theories, quantum cohomology and quantum integrable systems of hydrodynamic type. We consider gauge theories on ALE spaces of A and D-type and discuss how they describe the quantum cohomology of the corresponding Nakajima's quiver varieties. We also discuss how the exact evaluation of local BPS observables in the gauge theory can be used to calculate the spectrum of quantum Hamiltonians of spin Calogero integrable systems and spin Intermediate Long Wave hydrodynamics. This is explicitly obtained by a Bethe Ansatz Equation provided by t…
We evaluate the large-$N$ behavior of the superconformal indices of toric quiver gauge theories, and use it to find the entropy functions of the dual electrically charged rotating $\mathrm{AdS}_5$ black holes. To this end, we employ the recently proposed Bethe Ansatz method, and find a certain set of solutions to the Bethe Ansatz Equations of toric theories. This, in turn, allows us to compute the large-$N$ behavior of the index for these theories, including the infinite families $Y^{pq}$, $X^{pq}$ and $L^{pqr}$ of quiver gauge theories. Our results are in perfect agreement with the prediction…
We construct new integrable systems describing particles with internal spin from four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ quiver gauge theories. The models can be quantized and solved exactly using the quantum inverse scattering method and also using the Bethe/Gauge correspondence.
In this note, we use techniques from integrable systems to study relations between gauge theories. The Gauge/Bethe correspondence, introduced by Nekrasov and Shatashvili, identifies the supersymmetric ground states of an N=(2,2) supersymmetric gauge theory in two dimensions with the Bethe states of a quantum integrable system. We make use of this correspondence to relate three different quiver gauge theories which correspond to three different formulations of the Bethe equations of an integrable spin chain called the tJ model.
We study the superconfomal index of four-dimensional toric quiver gauge theories using a Bethe Ansatz approach recently applied by Benini and Milan. Relying on a particular set of solutions to the corresponding Bethe Ansatz equations we evaluate the superconformal index in the large $N$ limit, thus avoiding to take any Cardy-like limit. We present explicit results for theories arising as a stack of $N$ D3 branes at the tip of toric Calabi-Yau cones: the conifold theory, the suspended pinch point gauge theory, the first del Pezzo theory and $Y^{p,q}$ quiver gauge theories. For a suitable choice…
In arXiv:0908.4052, Nekrasov and Shatashvili pointed out that the N=2 instanton partition function in a special limit of the Omega-deformation parameters is characterized by certain thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (TBA) like equations. In this work we present an explicit derivation of this fact as well as generalizations to quiver gauge theories. To do so we combine various techniques like the iterated Mayer expansion, the method of expansion by regions, and the path integral tricks for non-perturbative summation. The TBA equations derived entirely within gauge theory have been proposed to encode t…
The rational $Q$-system is an efficient method to solve Bethe ansatz equations for quantum integrable spin chains. We construct the rational $Q$-systems for generic Bethe ansatz equations described by an $A_{\ell-1}$ quiver, which include models with multiple momentum carrying nodes, generic inhomogeneities, generic diagonal twists and $q$-deformation. The rational $Q$-system thus constructed is specified by two partitions. Under Bethe/Gauge correspondence, the rational $Q$-system is in a one-to-one correspondence with a 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ quiver gauge theory of the type ${T}_{\boldsymbolρ}^{\…
We study new symmetries between A and D type quiver gauge theories with different numbers of colors. We realize these gauge theories with twisted masses via a brane construction that reproduces all the parameters of the Gauge/Bethe correspondence.
We discuss the possible extensions of Bethe/gauge correspondence to quantum integrable systems based on the super-Lie algebras of A type. Along the way we propose the analogues of Nakajima quiver varieties whose cohomology and K-theory should carry the representations of the corresponding Yangian and the quantum affine algebras, respectively. We end up with comments on the N=4 planar super-Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions.
We prove a duality, recently conjectured in arXiv:1103.5726, which relates the F-terms of supersymmetric gauge theories defined in two and four dimensions respectively. The proof proceeds by a saddle point analysis of the four-dimensional partition function in the Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit. At special quantized values of the Coulomb branch moduli, the saddle point condition becomes the Bethe Ansatz Equation of the SL(2) Heisenberg spin chain which coincides with the F-term equation of the dual two-dimensional theory. The on-shell values of the superpotential in the two theories are shown to c…
This is the first in a series of papers devoted to the study of spin chains capturing the spectral problem of 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ SCFTs in the planar limit. At one loop and in the quantum plane limit, we discover a quasi-Hopf symmetry algebra, defined by the $R$-matrix read off from the superpotential. This implies that when orbifolding the $\mathcal{N}=4$ symmetry algebra down to the $\mathcal{N}=2$ one and then marginaly deforming, the broken generators are not lost, but get upgraded to quantum generators. Importantly, we demonstrate that these chains are dynamical, in the sense that their Ha…
