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arXiv 2302.13243cond-mat.str-el
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一维相互作用费米子中的量子 $z=2$ Lifshitz临界性

Quantum $z=2$ Lifshitz criticality in one-dimensional interacting fermions

Ke Wang

AI总结:

本文研究一维相互作用费米子的 $z=2$ Lifshitz临界性,结合RPA、RG与晶格数值模拟揭示相互作用符号及在位耦合对集体激发、RG流和红外 $z=1$ 临界行为的影响。

摘要:

我们考虑具有填满Dirac海的一维相互作用费米子中动力学临界指数为 $z=2$ 的Lifshitz临界性(LC)。我们报告相互作用对Lifshitz临界性有关键影响。单粒子激发因相互作用而失稳,并衰变为粒子-空穴连续谱,这反映在单圈自能虚部的对数发散中。我们表明系统对相互作用的符号很敏感。随机相位近似(RPA)表明,只有当相互作用为排斥时,才会出现集体粒子-空穴激发。集体模式的色散是无隙且线性的。如果相互作用是吸引的,单圈重整化群(RG)表明可能存在一个由两个耦合常数描述的稳定RG不动点。我们还表明,在RG流中,在位相互作用(在UV标度上没有任何其他微扰)总是会开启二次Lagrangian的相关速度微扰,驱动系统流向共形不变临界性。在对半填充晶格模型的数值模拟中,我们发现,对于在位正相互作用或负相互作用,动力学临界指数在红外(IR)极限均变为 $z=1$,且纠缠熵是系统尺寸 $L$ 的对数函数。本工作为研究一维相互作用LC铺平了道路。

英文摘要:

We consider Lifshitz criticality (LC) with the dynamical critical exponent $z=2$ in one-dimensional interacting fermions with a filled Dirac Sea. We report that interactions have crucial effects on Lifshitz criticality. Single particle excitations are destabilized by interaction and decay into the particle-hole continuum, which is reflected in the logarithmic divergence in the imaginary part of one-loop self-energy. We show that the system is sensitive to the sign of interaction. Random-phase approximation (RPA) shows that the collective particle-hole excitations emerge only when the interaction is repulsive. The dispersion of collective modes is gapless and linear. If the interaction is attractive, the one-loop renormalization group (RG) shows that there may exist a stable RG fixed point described by two coupling constants. We also show that the on-site interaction (without any other perturbations at the UV scale) would always turn on the relevant velocity perturbation to the quadratic Lagrangian in the RG flow, driving the system flow to the conformal-invariant criticality. In the numerical simulations of the lattice model at the half-filling, we find that, for either on-site positive or negative interactions, the dynamical critical exponent becomes $z=1$ in the infrared (IR) limit and the entanglement entropy is a logarithmic function of the system size $L$. The work paves the way to study one-dimensional interacting LCs.

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