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arXiv 2301.05166astro-ph.GA
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e-TidalGCs项目:对银河系球状星团产生的潮汐外特征进行建模

The e-TidalGCs Project: Modeling the extra-tidal features generated by Galactic globular clusters

Salvatore Ferrone, Paola Di Matteo, Alessandra Mastrobuono-Battisti, Misha Haywood, Owain N. Snaith, Marco Montouri, Sergey Khoperskov, David Valls-Gabaud

AI总结:

e-TidalGCs项目针对159个银河系球状星团的潮汐外特征建模,揭示其多样形态,对比已知恒星流,探究银河系势的影响,预测近50亿年星团质量损失情况,模拟结果将公开供观测数据验证。

摘要:

我们提出了e-TidalGCs项目,该项目旨在对所有具备6D相空间信息、质量和尺寸数据的银河系球状星团(目前共159个)周围的潮汐外特征进行建模和预测。我们将结果的分析与呈现重点放在潮汐外物质在天球上的分布,以及在不同日心距离下发现的不同结构上。我们强调了所发现的形态多样性:除了典型的潮汐尾之外,我们的模型还揭示出球状星团产生的潮汐外特征呈现出多种多样的形状,从细而拉长的形态,到厚实且复杂的类晕结构均有涵盖。我们还将几个研究最为充分的、在银河系球状星团周围发现的恒星流与我们的模型预测进行了对比,即与NGC 3201、NGC 4590、NGC 5466和Pal 5星团相关的恒星流。此外,我们通过使用三种不同的银河系势模型(分别包含或不包含中心核球,或包含恒星棒),探究了模拟得到的恒星流在天球上的分布和延展范围如何随银河系势变化。总体而言,我们的模型预测,当前场中的球状星团族群在过去50亿年间损失的质量在$0.3-2.1\times10^{7}M_{\bigodot}$之间,这一数值相当于其当前质量的7%-55%。这些损失的质量大多位于银河系内部,该族群的半质量半径在4-6 kpc之间。这些模拟的输出结果将公开提供,目前正值ESA Gaia任务和补充性光谱巡天正在交付可与这些模型进行对比的高精度数据之际。

英文摘要:

We present the e-TidalGCs Project which aims at modeling and predicting the extra-tidal features surrounding all Galactic globular clusters for which 6D phase space information, masses and sizes are available (currently 159 globular clusters). We focus the analysis and presentation of the results on the distribution of extra-tidal material on the sky, and on the different structures found at different heliocentric distances. We emphasize the wide variety of morphologies found: beyond the canonical tidal tails, our models reveal that the extra-tidal features generated by globular clusters take a wide variety of shapes, from thin and elongated shapes, to thick, and complex halo-like structures. We also compare some of the most well studied stellar streams found around Galactic globular clusters to our model predictions, namely those associated to the clusters NGC 3201, NGC 4590, NGC 5466 and Pal 5. Additionally, we investigate how the distribution and extension in the sky of the simulated streams vary with the Galactic potential by making use of three different models, containing or not a central spheroid, or a stellar bar. Overall, our models predict that the mass lost by the current globular cluster population in the field from the last 5 Gyrs is between $0.3-2.1\times10^{7}M_{\odot}$, an amount comparable between 7-55 % of current mass. Most of this lost mass is found in the inner Galaxy, with the half-mass radius of this population being between 4-6 kpc. The outputs of the simulations will be publicly available, at a time when the ESA Gaia mission and complementary spectroscopic surveys are delivering exquisite data to which these models can be compared.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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