Converting renewable energy into ammonia has been recognized as a promising way to realize ``green hydrogen substitution" in the chemical industry. However, renewable power to ammonia (RePtA) requires an essential investment in facilities to provide a buffer against the strong volatility of renewable energy and the limited flexibility of ammonia synthesis, which involves the three main stakeholders, namely, power, hydrogen, and ammonia. Therefore, the sizing and pricing of RePtA play a core role in balancing the interest demands of investors. This paper proposes an optimal sizing and pricing method for RePtA system planning. First, power to ammonia (P2A) is modeled as a flexible load, especially considering the limited flexibility of ammonia synthesis, which has been verified using real dynamic regulation data. Second, the multi-investor economic (MIE) model is established considering both external and internal trading modes. Then, a two-stage decomposed sizing and pricing method is proposed to solve the problem caused by the strong coupling of planning, operation, and trading, and information gap decision theory (IGDT) method is utilized to handle the uncertainty of renewable generation. Finally, real data from a real-life system in Inner Mongolia are utilized to verify the proposed approach. The results show that the system proposed has a yield of 8.15%.
Carbon-Driven Incentive Mechanism for Renewable Power-to-Ammonia Production in Coupled Carbon and Ammonia Markets
College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University（四川大学电气工程学院）；School of Statistics and Data Science, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics（西南财经大学统计与数据科学学院）；Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University（哈佛大学约翰·A·保尔森工程与应用科学学院）
Reconfiguring flexibility in renewable power-to-ammonia systems using molten-salt thermal energy storage in the ammonia synthesis loop: A coordinated electro-hydrogen-thermal scheduling approach
College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University（四川大学电气工程学院）；School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University（四川大学化学工程学院）；School of Advanced Engineering, Great Bay University（大湾区大学先进工程学院）
Operations-Based Planning for Placement and Sizing of Energy Storage in a Grid With a High Penetration of Renewables
Department of Computer Science Engineering University of Washington（华盛顿大学计算机科学与工程系）；Material Physics Applications Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies Theoretical Division LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA（洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室材料物理应用部门与非线性研究理论中心）
Siting and Sizing of Energy Storage Systems: Towards a Unified Approach for Transmission and Distribution System Operators for Reserve Provision and Grid Support
Optimal sizing of a hydrogen-based direct reduced iron-electric arc furnace system integrated with methanol synthesis toward zero-carbon steel production
Tsinghua University（清华大学）；Ningxia Institute of Applied Technology（宁夏应用技术研究院）；State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control（电力系统运行与控制国家重点实验室）；State Grid Jibei Electric Power Company Limited（国网冀北电力有限公司）
Community-Centered Resilience Enhancement of Urban Power and Gas Networks via Microgrid Partitioning, Mobile Energy Storage, and Data-Driven Risk Assessment
Reinforcing Power Grid Transmission with FACTS Devices
Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology（斯科尔科沃科学技术研究所）；New Mexico Consortium（新墨西哥联盟）；Material Physics and Applications Division, LANL（洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室物质物理与应用部）；Center for Nonlinear Studies and Theoretical Division, LANL（洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室非线性研究中心和理论部）
