具备异质灵活性的离网可再生电力制氨系统规划：多利益相关方均衡视角
Planning of Off-Grid Renewable Power to Ammonia Systems with Heterogeneous Flexibility: A Multistakeholder Equilibrium Perspective
AI总结：
本文针对离网可再生电力制氨系统的多利益相关方规划难题，构建多利益相关方容量配置均衡模型，结合KKT条件与多割广义Benders分解求解，发现需通过利益转移或调整实现互利以推动项目落地。
摘要：
离网可再生电力制氨（ReP2A）系统为能源和化工行业实现碳中和提供了一条颇具前景的路径。然而，受化工安全要求限制，合成氨环节的灵活性有限，难以与可再生电力产生的波动氢气流相匹配，这就需要对设备容量进行优化配置，以实现系统各环节高效协同生产。此外，ReP2A系统可能涉及多个运营灵活性各异的利益相关方，使得规划问题更为复杂。本文首次研究了ReP2A系统的多利益相关方容量配置均衡（MSSE）问题。首先，我们提出了MSSE模型，该模型考虑了发电、制氢和合成氨三类利益相关方的各自规划决策以及相互竞争的经济利益。随后，我们基于Karush-Kuhn-Tucker（KKT）条件构建了等价优化问题以求解该均衡。接着，我们在时间维度上对问题进行分解，并通过多割广义Benders分解（GBD）方法求解，以解决长期平衡问题。基于实际项目的案例研究表明，由于各利益相关方的异质性特征，均衡状态无法自然平衡各方利益。研究结果表明，利益转移或重新调整可确保互利共赢，推动ReP2A项目顺利落地。
英文摘要：
Off-grid renewable power to ammonia (ReP2A) systems present a promising pathway toward carbon neutrality in both the energy and chemical industries. However, due to chemical safety requirements, the limited flexibility of ammonia synthesis poses a challenge when attempting to align with the variable hydrogen flow produced from renewable power. This necessitates the optimal sizing of equipment capacity for effective and coordinated production across the system. Additionally, an ReP2A system may involve multiple stakeholders with varying degrees of operational flexibility, complicating the planning problem. This paper first examines the multistakeholder sizing equilibrium (MSSE) of the ReP2A system. First, we propose an MSSE model that accounts for individual planning decisions and the competing economic interests of the stakeholders of power generation, hydrogen production, and ammonia synthesis. We then construct an equivalent optimization problem based on Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions to determine the equilibrium. Following this, we decompose the problem in the temporal dimension and solve it via multicut generalized Benders decomposition (GBD) to address long-term balancing issues. Case studies based on a realistic project reveal that the equilibrium does not naturally balance the interests of all stakeholders due to their heterogeneous characteristics. Our findings suggest that benefit transfer or re-arrangement ensure mutual benefits and the successful implementation of ReP2A projects.
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