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arXiv 2210.03549cond-mat.supr-concond-mat.mes-hall
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专题讨论:超导混合结构中的自旋轨道效应

Colloquium: Spin-orbit effects in superconducting hybrid structures

Morten Amundsen, Jacob Linder, Jason W. A. Robinson, Igor Žutić, Niladri Banerjee

AI总结:

本文综述了超导混合结构中自旋轨道耦合引发的等自旋三重态配对、拓扑超导、非互易输运等涌现现象,并探讨了其在自旋电子器件和拓扑量子计算中的应用前景。

摘要:

自旋轨道耦合(SOC)涉及电子运动与其自旋之间的相互作用,在固态系统中普遍存在。尽管SOC在正常态现象中的作用已被广泛研究,但它在超导混合结构和器件中的角色开启了许多尚未探索的问题。结合超导混合结构中的破缺对称性和材料不均匀性,SOC可能产生超出其在均匀材料中效应的额外贡献。值得注意的是,即使使用成熟的磁性或非磁性材料以及传统的s波自旋单态超导体,SOC也能引发涌现现象,包括等自旋三重态配对和拓扑超导(承载马约拉纳态)、约瑟夫森结中电流-相位关系的修正以及非互易输运。SOC还负责改变超导结构中的准粒子,从而增强自旋霍尔效应并改变自旋动力学。综合来看,超导混合结构中的SOC以及电调控SOC强度的潜力,为推进用于节能计算的自旋电子器件和实现拓扑容错量子计算创造了令人着迷的可能性。通过提供研究SOC的实验技术和理论方法的描述,本专题讨论描述了当前对超导结构中相关现象的理解,并提供了一个框架,用于选择和设计一类日益增长的、SOC在其中发挥重要作用的材料体系。

英文摘要:

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) relates to the interaction between an electron's motion and its spin, and is ubiquitous in solid-state systems. Although the effect of SOC in normal-state phenomena has been extensively studied, its role in superconducting hybrid structures and devices opens many unexplored questions. In conjunction with broken symmetries and material inhomogeneities within superconducting hybrid structures, SOC may have additional contributions, beyond its effects in homogenous materials. Remarkably, even with well-established magnetic or nonmagnetic materials and conventional s-wave spin-singlet superconductors, SOC leads to emergent phenomena including equal-spin triplet pairing and topological superconductivity (hosting Majorana states), a modified current-phase relationship in Josephson junctions, and nonreciprocal transport. SOC is also responsible for transforming quasiparticles in superconducting structures which enhances the spin Hall effect and changes spin dynamics. Taken together, SOC in superconducting hybrid structures and the potential for electric tuning of the SOC strength, creates fascinating possibilities to advance superconducting spintronic devices for energy-efficient computing, and enable topological fault-tolerant quantum computing. By providing a description of experimental techniques and theoretical methods to study SOC, this Colloquium describes the current understanding of resulting phenomena in superconducting structures and offers a framework to select and design a growing class of materials systems where SOC plays an important role.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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