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arXiv 2209.11752cond-mat.supr-con
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超导射频腔的电磁响应

Electromagnetic Response of Superconducting RF Cavities

Hikaru Ueki, Mehdi Zarea, J. A. Sauls

AI总结:

本文基于非平衡超导理论的Keldysh表述结合Maxwell理论,提出了计算Nb SRF腔表面电流响应、频移和品质因数的方法,揭示了频移异常对杂质无序的敏感性,并证明中等无序度下品质因数达到最大值。

摘要:

近期报道的铌(Nb)SRF腔在接近 $T_c\simeq 9\\,\mbox{K}$ 的窄温区内出现的量级为 $\delta f\sim 0.1 -10\\,\mbox{kHz}$ 的频移异常,对表面制备和氮掺杂十分敏感。我们开发了计算Nb SRF腔表面电流响应、谐振频移和品质因数的方法,这些量是温度、频率和无序的函数,计算基于非平衡超导理论的Keldysh表述,并结合了Maxwell理论以及响应函数和电磁场的边界条件。我们证明了该异常对杂质无序敏感。我们得到的频移异常结果与具有Fermi表面各向异性能隙和非均匀非磁性无序的Nb的实验结果吻合良好。我们还表明,作为杂质散射率函数的品质因数在具有中等无序度的SRF腔中达到最大,此时 $\hbar/\tau\Delta\sim{\cal O}(1)$,且最大 $Q$ 值随频率增加而降低。

英文摘要:

Recently reported anomalies in frequency shift of order $δf\sim 0.1 -10\,\mbox{kHz}$ for Niobium SRF cavities in a narrow temperature region near $T_c\simeq 9\,\mbox{K}$ are sensitive to the surface preparation and Nitrogen doping. We developed methods for calculating the surface current response of Nb SRF cavities, as well as the resonant frequency shift and quality factor, as functions of temperature, frequency and disorder based on the Keldysh formulation of the theory for nonequilibrium superconductivity coupled with Maxwell's theory and boundary conditions for the response functions and electromagnetic field. We show that the anomaly is sensitive to impurity disorder. Our results for the anomaly in the frequency shift are in good agreement with experimental results for Nb with an anisotropic gap on the Fermi surface and inhomogeneous non-magnetic disorder. We also show that the quality factor as a function of the impurity scattering rate is maximum for in SRF cavities with intermediate disorder, $\hbar/τΔ\sim{\cal O}(1)$ with the maximum $Q$ decreasing with increasing frequency.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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