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arXiv 2209.04815math.DS
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具有四个不动点的Morse-Smale 3-同态的Knot完全不变量

Knot as a complete invariant of a Morse-Smale 3-diffeomorphism with four fixed points

Pochinka Olga, Talanova Elena, Shubin Danila

摘要:

透镜空间是唯一允许有四个不动点的类梯度流的三维流形。这是Morse不等式和存在四个临界点的Morse函数的直接推论。关于类梯度微分同胚的类似问题还没有解决。通过描述所考虑的复同态类的一个完备拓扑共轭不变量,并由抽象不变量构造每个共轭类的代表复同态,可以得到该问题的解. Bonnati和V.Z. Grines证明了具有唯一鞍点的Morse-Smale流的拓扑共轭类是由$\mathbb S^2\times\mathbb S^1$中的Hopf纽结的等价类定义的,它是一维鞍点分离的投影,并利用这种方法证明了这类Morse-Smale流的复同态的环境流形是三维球面.本文对具有两个鞍点和唯一异宿曲线的类梯度同态也得到了类似的结果。

英文摘要:

Lens spaces are the only 3-manifolds that admit gradient-like flows with four fixed points. This is an immediate corollary of Morse inequality and of the Morse function with four critical points existence. A similar question for gradient-like diffeomorphisms is open. Solution can be approached by describing a complete topological conjugacy invariant of the class of considered diffeomorphisms and constructing of representative diffeomorphism for every conjugacy class by the abstract invariant. Ch. Bonnati and V. Z. Grines proved that the topological conjugacy class of Morse-Smale flows with unique saddle is defined by the equivalence class of the Hopf knot in $\mathbb S^2\times\mathbb S^1$ which is projection of one-dimensional saddle separatrice and used the mentioned approach to prove that the ambient manifold of a diffeomorphism of this class is the three-dimensional sphere. In the present paper similar result is obtained for the gradient-like diffeomorphisms with exactly two saddle points and the unique heteroclinic curve.

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