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arXiv 2209.02880q-bio.PEmath.DSmath.PR
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基于确定性和随机时变模型的流行病COVID-19数据预测

Data Forecasts of the Epidemic COVID-19 by Deterministic and Stochastic Time-Dependent Models

Bo-Sheng Chen, Zong-Ying Wu, Yen-Jia Chen, Jann-Long Chern

摘要:

我们提出了一个确定性SAIVRD模型和一个随机SARV模型的流行COVID-19涉及无症状感染和疫苗接种进行数据预测使用时间依赖的参数。我们确定性模型的预测是进行10天的预测,看疫情在短期内是会缓解还是会变得更加严重。我们的随机模型预测的是最终规模和最大规模的概率分布,以了解从长远来看疫情将有多大。第一次使用来自美国的数据集进行预测,对于孤立的传染性病例的预测,5天内的相对误差在3%以内,10天内的相对误差在7%以内,对于治愈和死亡的预测,相对误差较小。在我们的模型中,使用来自第一次预测的时变参数的第二次预测中的分布也是双峰的,在我们对较小群体的模拟中具有与时间无关的参数。与时间依赖模型不同的是,最终粒径分布中存在另一个峰值,小爆发的概率更高,最大粒径分布随时间依赖参数振荡。不同群体之间的最终尺寸分布相似,最大尺寸分布也相似,这意味着我们可以预期,在相同的参数下,在大群体中,最终尺寸和最大尺寸的比值分布相似(仅第二个峰的值不同)。结果表明,根据这种疾病在美国最近的传播能力,当初始感染被引入所有易感(大)人群时,约95%的人群发生大爆发,并且很有可能流行病最大化到约30%的人群。

英文摘要:

We propose a deterministic SAIVRD model and a stochastic SARV model of the epidemic COVID-19 involving asymptomatic infections and vaccinations to conduct data forecasts using time-dependent parameters. The forecast by our deterministic model conducts 10-day predictions to see whether the epidemic will ease or become more severe in the short term. The forecast by our stochastic model predicts the probability distributions of the final size and the maximum size to see how large the epidemic will be in the long run. The first forecast using the data set from the USA gives the relative errors within 3% in 5 days and 7% in 10 days for the prediction of isolated infectious cases and smaller ones for the predictions of recoveries and deaths. The distributions in the second forecast using the time-varying parameters from the first forecast are also bimodal in our model with time-independent parameters in our simulations of smaller populations. For the model with time-dependent model, what are different are that there is another peak in the final size distribution, that the the probability of minor outbreak is higher and that the maximum size distribution is oscillating with time-dependent parameters. The final size distributions are similar between different populations and so are the maximum size distributions, which means that we can expect that with the same parameters and in a large population, the ratio of the final size and the maximum size are distributed similarly (only different by the value of the second peak). The result shows that under recent transmissibility of this disease in the USA, when an initial infection is introduced into all-susceptible (large) population, major outbreak occurs with around 95% of the population and with high probability the epidemic is maximized to around 30% of the population.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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