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arXiv 2206.03343nucl-exhep-ex
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逼近LHC能量下的净重子数涨落：Pb$-$Pb碰撞中高达三阶的累积量

Closing in on critical net-baryon fluctuations at LHC energies: cumulants up to third order in Pb$-$Pb collisions

ALICE Collaboration

备注：
22 pages, 7 captioned figures, authors from page 17, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/8232
发表信息：
Phys. Lett. B 844 (2023) 137545
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AI总结：

本文报告了ALICE探测器在Pb-Pb碰撞中测得的净质子分布二、三阶累积量，发现质子与反质子存在长程快度关联，且三阶累积量在约4%不确定度内与零一致，被LQCD和HRG模型预测良好描述。

摘要：

涨落测量是关于LHC能量下粒子产生机制的重要信息来源。本文报告了由ALICE探测器记录的质心能量$\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV下Pb$-$Pb碰撞中净质子分布三阶累积量的首批实验结果。考虑到全局和局部重子数守恒效应，本文还讨论了$\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$和$5.02$ TeV下净质子分布二阶累积量的结果。结果表明，质子与反质子之间存在长程快度关联。这些关联源于碰撞的早期阶段。实验结果与HIJING和EPOS模型计算进行了比较，并在格点量子色动力学（LQCD）和强子共振气体（HRG）模型估计的背景下，考察了涨落测量对相空间覆盖范围的依赖性。在约4%的实验不确定度内，测量的三阶累积量与零一致，并且LQCD和HRG预测对其描述良好。

英文摘要：

Fluctuation measurements are important sources of information on the mechanism of particle production at LHC energies. This article reports the first experimental results on third-order cumulants of the net-proton distributions in Pb$-$Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV recorded by the ALICE detector. The results on the second-order cumulants of net-proton distributions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$ and $5.02$ TeV are also discussed in view of effects due to the global and local baryon number conservation. The results demonstrate the presence of long-range rapidity correlations between protons and antiprotons. Such correlations originate from the early phase of the collision. The experimental results are compared with HIJING and EPOS model calculations, and the dependence of the fluctuation measurements on the phase-space coverage is examined in the context of lattice quantum chromodynamics (LQCD) and hadron resonance gas (HRG) model estimations. The measured third-order cumulants are consistent with zero within experimental uncertainties of about 4% and are described well by LQCD and HRG predictions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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