arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2203.07520astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
收藏

WD 1145+017:大气、尘埃云和气环的替代模型

WD 1145+017: Alternative models of the atmosphere, dust clouds, and gas rings

Jan Budaj, Andrii Maliuk, Ivan Hubeny

摘要:

WD 1145+017是已知的第一颗被解体的系外小行星环绕的白矮星。它是一颗DBZ型的白矮星,具有强烈变化的宽拱星线和变化的浅紫外凌日。人们提出了各种尘埃云和气体环的模型来解释这种行为。在这里,我们提出了替代模型。简单的辐射转移程序Shellspec被修改用于这一目的,并用于测试新的尘埃云和气体盘模型。我们使用改进的TLUSTY和SYNSPEC程序计算了LTE或NLTE大气模型,并计算了恒星的本征光谱。然后,我们使用这些大气模型来估计辐射和对流区的质量,并使用NLTE光谱合成来估计它们的化学成分。我们提供了一个替代解释的一些(不是所有)浅紫外线过境。这些可能是自然造成的光学性质的尘埃颗粒:不透明度和主要的相位功能作为一个结果的前向散射。与光学区域相比,后者在UV中更强,在过境期间在原始方向上留下更多的UV光子。我们还开发了一种替代模型的气体盘,包括一个内部,热,几乎是圆形的磁盘和外部,冷,偏心盘。该结构以$3.83 \pm 0.12$年为周期进行进动。我们证明,它符合观察到的拱星线相当不错。这些替代模型解决了可能与先前模型相关的一些缺点,但它们也有自己的缺点。我们确认,大气的化学成分是类似的CI陨石,但C,N和S显着不足,更接近散装地球组成。这是一个强有力的论据,说明这颗恒星最近遇到了一个类似地球的天体,并从那里吸积了物质。

英文摘要:

WD 1145+017 is the first white dwarf known to be orbited by disintegrating exoasteroids. It is a DBZ-type white dwarf with strongly variable broad circumstellar lines and variable shallow UV transits. Various models of the dust clouds and gaseous rings have been proposed as an explanation for this behavior. Here we propose alternative models.The simple radiative transfer code Shellspec was modified for this purpose and used for testing the new dust cloud and gas disk models. We used modified TLUSTY and SYNSPEC codes to calculate atmosphere models assuming the LTE or NLTE, and to calculate the intrinsic spectrum of the star. We then used these atmosphere models to estimate the mass of the radiative and convective zones and NLTE spectrum synthesis to estimate their chemical composition. We offer an alternative explanation of some (not all) shallow UV transits. These may be naturally caused by the optical properties of the dust grains: opacities and mainly phase functions as a result of the forward scattering. The latter is much stronger in UV compared to the optical region, leaving more UV photons in the original direction during the transit. We also developed an alternative model of the gaseous disk, consisting of an inner, hotter, and almost circular disk and an outer, cooler, and eccentric disk. The structure precesses with a period of $3.83 \pm 0.12$ yr. We demonstrate that it fits the observed circumstellar lines reasonably well. These alternative models solve a few drawbacks that might be associated with the previous models, but they also have their own disadvantages. We confirm that the chemical composition of the atmosphere is similar to that of CI chondrites but C, N, and S are significantly underabundant and much closer to the bulk Earth composition. This is a strong argument that the star has recently encountered and accreted material from a body of Earth-like composition.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑