The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP) VI: Dust trapping in thin-ringed protoplanetary disks
Cornelis P. Dullemond, Tilman Birnstiel, Jane Huang, Nicolás T. Kurtovic, Sean M. Andrews, Viviana V. Guzmán, Laura M. Pérez, Andrea Isella, Zhaohuan Zhu, Myria… 展开作者
Cornelis P. Dullemond, Tilman Birnstiel, Jane Huang, Nicolás T. Kurtovic, Sean M. Andrews, Viviana V. Guzmán, Laura M. Pérez, Andrea Isella, Zhaohuan Zhu, Myriam Benisty, David J. Wilner, Xue-Ning Bai, John M. Carpenter, Shangjia Zhang, Luca Ricci
ALMA观测到的大部分原行星盘在连续体中显示出多个定义明确且近乎完美的圆环,在许多情况下具有显著的峰谷对比度。DSHARP活动表明,这些环中有几个在径向范围内非常狭窄。在本文中,我们测试的假设,这些尘埃环是由尘埃捕获在径向压力颠簸,如果得到证实,把约束的物理尘埃捕获机制。我们在1D模型分析这个过程,假设轴对称。通过与观测数据的比较,我们发现所有的星环都与尘埃捕获相一致。基于一个合理的尘埃温度模型,我们发现几个环比压力标度的高度更窄,为尘埃捕获提供了强有力的证据。环具有在0.2和0.5之间的范围内的峰值吸收光学深度。储存在每个环中的尘埃质量大约是地球质量的几十倍,尽管由于尘埃不透明度的不确定性,仍然存在许多模糊性。尘埃环的密度足以潜在地触发流动的不稳定性,但我们的分析无法证明这种机制实际上在起作用。然而,我们的结果表明,本文所< 5e-4 and very large grains a_grain >研究的所有环的数据都可以排除非常低的α_turb < > 0.1 cm的组合。
英文摘要:
A large fraction of the protoplanetary disks observed with ALMA display multiple well-defined and nearly perfectly circular rings in the continuum, in many cases with substantial peak-to-valley contrast. The DSHARP campaign shows that several of these rings are very narrow in radial extent. In this paper we test the hypothesis that these dust rings are caused by dust trapping in radial pressure bumps, and if confirmed, put constraints on the physics of the dust trapping mechanism. We model this process analytically in 1D, assuming axisymmetry. By comparing this model to the data, we find that all rings are consistent with dust trapping. Based on a plausible model of the dust temperature we find that several rings are narrower than the pressure scale height, providing strong evidence for dust trapping. The rings have peak absorption optical depth in the range between 0.2 and 0.5. The dust masses stored in each of these rings is of the order of tens of Earth masses, though much ambiguity remains due to the uncertainty of the dust opacities. The dust rings are dense enough to potentially trigger the streaming instability, but our analysis cannot give proof of this mechanism actually operating. Our results show, however, that the combination of very low alpha_turb << 5e-4 and very large grains a_grain >> 0.1 cm can be excluded by the data for all the rings studied in this paper.
Axisymmetric Modeling of DSHARP Dusty Disks: Asymmetric Structures and Inner-Disk Dispersal
College of Science, Ibaraki University(茨城大学理学部);Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学李政道研究所);RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research(理化学院先锋研究集群);Division of Liberal Arts, Kogakuin University(工学院大学人文学部);National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台)
Extreme Pebble Accretion in Ringed Protoplanetary Discs
用(亚)毫米成像在原行星盘中观测到含有数十至数百个地球质量固体的轴对称尘埃环。在这里,我们调查的大规模(150 M $_\oplus$)轴对称尘埃陷阱通过尘埃和气体流体动力学模拟的行星胚胎的生长。当解释行星胚胎的吸积光度来自卵石吸积时,对周围气体的热反馈导致反气旋涡旋的形成。由于涡旋是在行星所在的位置形成的,这对行星的成长有着重大的影响:当尘埃向涡旋中心的压力最大值漂移时,它最初与行星位于同一位置,在“涡旋辅助”的卵石吸积的独特阶段,实现了快速的吸积率。一旦漩涡由于与圆盘的相互作用而与行星分离,它就会积聚灰尘,关闭行星上的吸积。我们发现,这种快速的吸积,介导的漩涡,在行星包含$\approx$ 100 M $_\oplus$的固体。我们跟踪涡旋的演变,以及尘埃颗粒在压力最大时积累的效率与其尺寸的函数关系,并研究这对行星生长以及原行星盘形态的影响。我们推测,这种极端的形成情景可能是巨行星的起源,这些巨行星被确定为重元素显著增强。
The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP): III. Spiral Structures in the Millimeter Continuum of the Elias 27, IM Lup, and WaOph 6 Disks
The size of dust grains, $a$, is key to the physical and chemical processes in circumstellar disks, but observational constraints of grain size remain challenging. (Sub)millimeter continuum observations often show a percent-level polarization parallel to the disk minor axis, which is generally attributed to scattering by $\sim 100μ$m-sized spherical grains (with a size parameter $x \equiv 2πa / λ< 1$, where $λ$ is the wavelength). Larger spherical grains (with $x$ greater than unity) would produce opposite polarization direction. However, the inferred size is in tension with the opacity index …
Modeling (Sub-)millimeter Scattering Properties of Fractal and Consolidated Porous Particles: Applications to Protoplanetary Disks
Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC)(安达卢西亚天体物理研究所);Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(墨西哥国立自治大学);Université Rouen Normandie(鲁昂诺曼底大学);European Southern Observatory (ESO)(欧洲南方天文台)
Formation of multiple dust rings and gaps in protoplanetary discs by a single migrating planet. A parameter study in locally isothermal discs
Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, Centre for Astronomie (ZAH), Heidelberg University(海德堡大学理论天体物理研究所);Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Universitäts-Sternwarte(慕尼黑大学天文台)
Unveiling the Chemical Complexity and C/O Ratio of the HD 163296 Protoplanetary Disk: Constraints from Multi-line ALMA Observations of Organics, Nitriles, Sulfur-bearing, and Deuterated Molecules
Dust characterization of the HD 163296 disk with high-resolution multi-wavelength ALMA observations
Max-Planck Institute for Astronomy(马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所);National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台);Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI(综合研究大学院大学);Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University(国立中山大学物理系);Center of Astronomy and Gravitation, National Taiwan Normal University(国立台湾师范大学天文与引力研究中心);Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学安东·潘内科克天文学研究所);Department of Earth Science and Astronomy, The University of Tokyo(东京大学地球科学及天文学系);Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano(米兰大学物理系)
Drift-dominated dust evolution. A multiwavelength analysis of dust rings in CY Tau and DoAr25
Leiden Observatory, Leiden University(莱顿天文台,莱顿大学);Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London(穆拉德空间科学实验室,伦敦大学学院);Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie(马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所);Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing (CAS), Swinburne University of Technology(天体物理学与超级计算中心,斯威本科技大学);School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds(利兹大学物理与天文学学院)