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arXiv 1411.5366astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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富气盘中持久的尘埃环:单个和多个行星的雕刻

Long-lasting dust rings in gas-rich disks: sculpting by single and multiple planets

Farzana Meru, Sascha P. Quanz, Maddalena Reggiani, Clement Baruteau, Jaime E. Pineda

摘要:

我们提出了一种机制,通过这种机制,原行星盘中的尘埃环可以形成,并且与气体环相比是持久的。这涉及到最大压力的存在,它将尘埃捕获在两个有间隙的行星之间或单个或多个行星系统的最外间隙边缘,再加上大尘埃颗粒与气体的分离。我们进行二维气体流体动力学模拟磁盘与一个和两个巨大的行星,可能会打开深或部分的差距。在两颗行星之间形成了一个气体环,使得表面质量密度高于它的任何一侧。这个环是一个压力最大的区域,我们预计大颗粒会聚集在这里,这些颗粒与气体的边缘耦合,否则会受到径向漂移的影响。这样的压力最大值也会发生在有一个或多个行星的圆盘的最外间隙边缘。我们推断这些地区的尘埃演化为气体盘的演变,以了解所产生的尘埃环的长期行为。随着时间的推移,环中的气体表面密度降低,这可能导致较大的捕获颗粒分离。因此,预计这些颗粒在环状结构中停留的时间比气体长。对于最小质量的太阳星云模型,我们预计O(10)Au外层的毫米和厘米大小的颗粒很可能经历这种捕获和去耦过程。

英文摘要:

We propose a mechanism by which dust rings in protoplanetary disks can form and be long-lasting compared to gas rings. This involves the existence of a pressure maximum which traps dust either in between two gap-opening planets or at the outermost gap edge of a single or multiple planet system, combined with the decoupling of large dust particles from the gas. We perform 2D gas hydrodynamical simulations of disks with one and two giant planets which may open deep or partial gaps. A gas ring forms in between two planets such that the surface mass density is higher than on either side of it. This ring is a region of pressure maximum where we expect large grains, which are marginally coupled to the gas and would otherwise be subject to radial drift, to collect. Such a pressure maximum also occurs at the outermost gap edge in a disk with one or more planets. We infer the dust evolution in these regions as the gas disk evolves, to understand the longer term behavior of the resulting dust rings. Over time the gas surface density in the ring(s) decreases, which may cause the larger trapped particles to decouple. Consequently, these particles are expected to stay in ring structure(s) longer than the gas. For a Minimum Mass Solar Nebula model, we expect that millimeter and centimeter-sized grains in the outer O(10) au would most likely undergo this trapping and decoupling process.

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