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arXiv 2203.01916cond-mat.stat-mechphysics.bio-phq-bio.NC
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复杂相互作用系统中局部不可逆性的涌现

Emergence of local irreversibility in complex interacting systems

Christopher W. Lynn, Caroline M. Holmes, William Bialek, David J. Schwab

摘要:

生命系统从根本上说是不可逆的,打破了细致平衡,建立了时间之箭。但是,整个系统的明显的时间箭头是如何从其多个元素之间的相互作用中产生的呢?我们表明,当地的时间箭头,这是热力学系统的熵产生的证据,可以分解。首先,它可以被分成两个部分:一个独立的术语反映了单个元素的动态和元素之间的依赖关系驱动的相互作用。从非平衡态物理学的适应工具,我们进一步分解的相互作用项的贡献,从对元素,三重态,和高阶项。我们说明了我们的方法上的模型的细胞传感和逻辑计算,以及在视网膜神经活动的模式,因为它响应视觉输入。我们发现,神经活动可以定义时间箭头,即使视觉输入不能,而这种破坏细致平衡的主要贡献来自神经元对之间的相互作用。

英文摘要:

Living systems are fundamentally irreversible, breaking detailed balance and establishing an arrow of time. But how does the evident arrow of time for a whole system arise from the interactions among its multiple elements? We show that the local evidence for the arrow of time, which is the entropy production for thermodynamic systems, can be decomposed. First, it can be split into two components: an independent term reflecting the dynamics of individual elements and an interaction term driven by the dependencies among elements. Adapting tools from non--equilibrium physics, we further decompose the interaction term into contributions from pairs of elements, triplets, and higher--order terms. We illustrate our methods on models of cellular sensing and logical computations, as well as on patterns of neural activity in the retina as it responds to visual inputs. We find that neural activity can define the arrow of time even when the visual inputs do not, and that the dominant contribution to this breaking of detailed balance comes from interactions among pairs of neurons.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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