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arXiv 2112.04067cond-mat.stat-mechphysics.hist-ph
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在Mori-Zwanzig投影算子形式中理解概率和不可逆性

Understanding probability and irreversibility in the Mori-Zwanzig projection operator formalism

Michael te Vrugt

摘要:

从时间可逆的确定性微观动力学解释随机不可逆宏观动力学的出现是物理学哲学的核心问题之一。Mori-Zwanzig投影算子形式主义是现代非平衡统计力学最重要的方法之一,它允许从可逆微观动力学系统地推导不可逆输运方程,从而为理解这个问题提供了一个有用的框架。然而,在物理学哲学中对莫里-兹万齐格形式主义的讨论往往集中在简单的变体上,而不是在现代物理研究中使用的更复杂的变体上。在这项工作中,我将关闭这个差距,研究问题的概率和不可逆性使用的例子Grabert的时间依赖投影算子形式主义。这使得给一个更坚实的数学基础,各种概念的哲学文献,特别是华莱士的简单动力学猜想和罗伯逊的理论自治宏观动力学。此外,我将解释如何莫里-茨万齐格形式主义允许解决之间的紧张关系的认识论和本体论的方法概率在统计力学。最后,我认为,干预主义者和粗粒化者真正应该进行的辩论与为什么存在均衡的问题无关,而是为什么它具有实验中发现的定量形式。

英文摘要:

Explaining the emergence of stochastic irreversible macroscopic dynamics from time-reversible deterministic microscopic dynamics is one of the key problems in philosophy of physics. The Mori-Zwanzig projection operator formalism, which is one of the most important methods of modern nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, allows for a systematic derivation of irreversible transport equations from reversible microdynamics and thus provides a useful framework for understanding this issue. However, discussions of the Mori-Zwanzig formalism in philosophy of physics tend to focus on simple variants rather than on the more sophisticated ones used in modern physical research. In this work, I will close this gap by studying the problems of probability and irreversibility using the example of Grabert's time-dependent projection operator formalism. This allows to give a more solid mathematical foundation to various concepts from the philosophical literature, in particular Wallace's simple dynamical conjecture and Robertson's theory of autonomous macrodynamics. Moreover, I will explain how the Mori-Zwanzig formalism allows to resolve the tension between epistemic and ontic approaches to probability in statistical mechanics. Finally, I argue that the debate which interventionists and coarse-grainers should really be having is related not to the question why there is equilibration at all, but why it has the quantitative form it is found to have in experiments.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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