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arXiv 2203.01389cs.ROcs.SYeess.SY
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基于图的多传感器融合自主工程机器人一致性定位

Graph-based Multi-sensor Fusion for Consistent Localization of Autonomous Construction Robots

ETH Zürich(苏黎世联邦理工学院);Max Planck ETH Center for Learning Systems(马克斯·普朗克-苏黎世联邦理工学习系统中心)

Julian Nubert, Shehryar Khattak, Marco Hutter

摘要:

实现大型工程机械(如挖掘机)的自主操作可以为人类安全带来关键好处,并为危险和有害环境中的应用带来操作机会。为了促进机器人的自主性,鲁棒和准确的状态估计仍然是使这些机器能够在各种复杂环境中运行的核心组件。在这项工作中,多模态传感器融合的机器人状态估计和定位的方法,使工程机器人在现实世界中的场景操作。该方法提出了一种基于图的预测更新循环,结合了滤波和平滑的优点,以提供一致的状态估计在高更新率,同时保持准确的全球定位的大型土方挖掘机。此外,所提出的方法使异步传感器测量的灵活集成,并提供一致的姿态估计,即使在传感器脱落的阶段。为此,提出了一种用于在两个不同的优化问题之间切换的双图设计,直接解决临时故障和随后返回的全局位置估计。所提出的方法是实现板载两个门子渣土步行挖掘机和验证在现实世界中进行的测试在代表性的操作环境。

英文摘要:

Enabling autonomous operation of large-scale construction machines, such as excavators, can bring key benefits for human safety and operational opportunities for applications in dangerous and hazardous environments. To facilitate robot autonomy, robust and accurate state-estimation remains a core component to enable these machines for operation in a diverse set of complex environments. In this work, a method for multi-modal sensor fusion for robot state-estimation and localization is presented, enabling operation of construction robots in real-world scenarios. The proposed approach presents a graph-based prediction-update loop that combines the benefits of filtering and smoothing in order to provide consistent state estimates at high update rate, while maintaining accurate global localization for large-scale earth-moving excavators. Furthermore, the proposed approach enables a flexible integration of asynchronous sensor measurements and provides consistent pose estimates even during phases of sensor dropout. For this purpose, a dual-graph design for switching between two distinct optimization problems is proposed, directly addressing temporary failure and the subsequent return of global position estimates. The proposed approach is implemented on-board two Menzi Muck walking excavators and validated during real-world tests conducted in representative operational environments.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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