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arXiv 2002.12731cs.ROcs.SYeess.SY
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自主车辆定位的线性特征观测模型

Linear Features Observation Model for Autonomous Vehicle Localization

Institute for Information Transmission Problems – IITP RAS(俄罗斯科学院信息传输问题研究所 - IITP RAS(俄罗斯科学院信息传输问题研究所))

Oleg Shipitko, Vladislav Kibalov, Maxim Abramov

摘要:

精确定位是自主车辆的核心能力。它是运动规划和执行的先决条件。完善的定位方法,如卡尔曼滤波器和粒子滤波器需要一个概率观测模型,允许计算的可能性测量给定的系统状态向量,通常是车辆姿态,和地图。定位系统的更高精度可以通过考虑各种测量误差源的更复杂的观测模型的开发来实现。同时,模型需要简单,以便实时计算。本文提出了一种视觉检测线性特征的观察模型。这些特征的示例包括但不限于道路标记和道路边界。提出的观测模型描述了两个核心检测误差源:偏移误差和角度误差。它还考虑了假阳性检测的概率。所提出的模型的结构允许预先计算和将测量误差直接纳入由多通道数字图像表示的地图中。测量误差预计算和将地图存储为图像加速了观测似然计算,进而加速了定位系统。对真实自主车辆的实验评估表明,该模型允许在各种场景下精确和可靠的定位。

英文摘要:

Precise localization is a core ability of an autonomous vehicle. It is a prerequisite for motion planning and execution. The well-established localization approaches such as Kalman and particle filters require a probabilistic observation model allowing to compute a likelihood of measurement given a system state vector, usually vehicle pose, and a map. The higher precision of the localization system may be achieved through the development of a more sophisticated observation model considering various measurement error sources. Meanwhile model needs to be simple to be computable in real-time. This paper proposes an observation model for visually detected linear features. Examples of such features include, but not limited to, road markings and road boundaries. The proposed observation model depicts two core detection error sources: shift error and angular error. It also considers the probability of false-positive detection. The structure of the proposed model allows precomputing and incorporating the measurement error directly into the map represented by a multichannel digital image. Measurement error precomputation and storing the map as an image speeds up observation likelihood computation and in turn localization system. The experimental evaluation on real autonomous vehicle demonstrates that the proposed model allows for precise and reliable localization in a variety of scenarios.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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