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arXiv 2202.09208physics.flu-dynastro-ph.SR
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非常低普朗特数时对流中尺度turbulence

Convective mesoscale turbulence at very low Prandtl numbers

Ambrish Pandey, Dmitry Krasnov, Katepalli R. Sreenivasan, Jörg Schumacher

摘要:

水平扩展的湍流对流,称为自然系统中的中尺度对流,仍然是一个挑战,在实验和模拟研究。特别是在恒星对流和地球外核中分子普朗特数非常低的情况下。本研究报告的三维直接数值模拟的湍流Rayleigh-Bénard对流的边长$L$和高度$H$与纵横比$Γ=L/H$为25,普朗特数跨越近4个数量级,$10^{-3}\le Pr \le 7$,和瑞利数$10^5 \le Ra \le 10^7$,得到了大规模并行计算网格上的$5.36\times 10^{11}$点的正方形盒子。该$Pr$ -范围的下限无法在受控实验室测量中获得。我们报告的基本性质的流和它们的趋势与瑞利和普朗特数,特别是全球运输的动量和热量-后者分解成对流和扩散的贡献-整个对流层,平均垂直分布的温度和温度波动,动能和热耗散率。我们还探讨了在何种程度上的湍流在大部分的对流层类似于经典的均匀和各向同性湍流的频谱,增量矩,和耗散异常,并找到密切的相似之处。最后,我们表明,一个特征尺度的顺序中尺度似乎饱和的波长为$Pr\lesssim 0.005$的$λ\gtrsim 3H$。我们简要地讨论了这些结果的亚网格尺度参数化湍流对流的发展可能产生的影响。

英文摘要:

Horizontally extended turbulent convection, termed mesoscale convection in natural systems, remains a challenge to investigate in both experiments and simulations. This is particularly so for very low molecular Prandtl numbers as in stellar convection and in Earth's outer core. The present study reports three-dimensional direct numerical simulations of turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection in square boxes of side length $L$ and height $H$ with the aspect ratio $Γ=L/H$ of 25, for Prandtl numbers that span almost 4 orders of magnitude, $10^{-3}\le Pr \le 7$, and Rayleigh numbers $10^5 \le Ra \le 10^7$, obtained by massively parallel computations on grids of up to $5.36\times 10^{11}$ points. The low end of this $Pr$-range cannot be accessed in controlled laboratory measurements. We report the essential properties of the flow and their trends with Rayleigh and Prandtl numbers, in particular the global transport of momentum and heat -- the latter decomposed into convective and diffusive contributions -- across the convection layer, mean vertical profiles of the temperature and temperature fluctuations, and the kinetic energy and thermal dissipation rates. We also explore the degree to which the turbulence in the bulk of the convection layer resembles classical homogeneous and isotropic turbulence in terms of spectra, increment moments, and dissipative anomaly, and find close similarities. Finally, we show that a characteristic scale on the order of the mesoscale seems to saturate to a wavelength of $λ\gtrsim 3H$ for $Pr\lesssim 0.005$. We briefly discuss possible implications of these results for the development of subgrid scale parameterization of turbulent convection.

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