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arXiv 2202.07009quant-phcond-mat.mes-hall
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在存在对称性的情况下实现任意阶的例外点

Realizing exceptional points of any order in the presence of symmetry

Sharareh Sayyad, Flore K. Kunst

摘要:

例外点~(EPs)在非厄米矩阵的谱中表现为特征向量合并处的退化。一般来说,如果施加了$2(n-1)$实数约束,则$n$阶的EP可以找到出现的空间。我们的结果表明,这些约束可以表示为非厄米矩阵的行列式和迹。我们的研究结果进一步揭示了在酉对称和反酉对称的存在下,约束的总数可能会减少。此外,我们得出一般的结论,低能量分散的EP。基于我们的计算,我们表明,在奇数维的亚晶格或伪手征对称性的存在下,强制$n$阶EP与$(n-1)$阶根色散。对于两个,三个和四个波段的系统,我们明确提出了发生的EP系统参数和分类EP的基础上,他们的低能量色散关系的约束条件。

英文摘要:

Exceptional points~(EPs) appear as degeneracies in the spectrum of non-Hermitian matrices at which the eigenvectors coalesce. In general, an EP of order $n$ may find room to emerge if $2(n-1)$ real constraints are imposed. Our results show that these constraints can be expressed in terms of the determinant and traces of the non-Hermitian matrix. Our findings further reveal that the total number of constraints may reduce in the presence of unitary and antiunitary symmetries. Additionally, we draw generic conclusions for the low-energy dispersion of the EPs. Based on our calculations, we show that in odd dimensions the presence of sublattice or pseudo-chiral symmetry enforces $n$th order EPs to disperse with the $(n-1)$th root. For two-, three- and four-band systems, we explicitly present the constraints needed for the occurrence of EPs in terms of system parameters and classify EPs based on their low-energy dispersion relations.

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