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arXiv 2202.01643astro-ph.HE
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在年轻的SNR仙后座A中过去与非对称拱星壳层相互作用的证据

Evidence for past interaction with an asymmetric circumstellar shell in the young SNR Cassiopeia A

S. Orlando, A. Wongwathanarat, H. -T. Janka, M. Miceli, S. Nagataki, M. Ono, F. Bocchino, J. Vink, D. Milisavljevic, D. J. Patnaude, G. Peres

摘要:

观测的SNR仙后座A(Cas A)显示的不对称性,在反向冲击,不能解释的模型描述的残留物通过一个球对称风的祖星扩展。我们调查是否可以解释所观察到的不对称性与一个不对称的拱壳过去的相互作用的Cas A。我们进行了3D MHD模拟,描述了从SN的残留物的演变,其与拱壳的相互作用。初始条件由一个三维中微子驱动的SN模型提供,其形态类似于Cas A。我们探索了壳的参数空间,寻找一组能够在350年的年龄产生类似于在Cas A中观察到的反向冲击不对称性的参数。残余物与壳层的相互作用可以产生类似于在反向激波中观察到的不对称性,如果壳层与西北方(NW)的近侧的致密部分不对称的话。逆激波在Cas A时代表现出以下不对称性:(1)在观测坐标系中,逆激波在NW区向内移动,而在其它区域向外移动;(2)逆激波的几何中心与正激波的几何中心向NW方向偏移; iii)西北地区的反向激波增强了非热辐射,因为,在那里,喷出物进入反向激波的速度(4000至7000公里/秒)高于其他区域(低于2000公里/秒)。在Cas A的反向激波中观察到的不对称性可以被解释为SN事件发生后180年至240年之间的残骸与不对称拱星壳相互作用的特征。我们认为,壳层很可能是在核心坍缩前$10^4$和$10^5$年之间发生的祖星大规模喷发的结果。我们估计壳层的总质量为2兆太阳。

英文摘要:

Observations of the SNR Cassiopeia A (Cas A) show asymmetries in the reverse shock that cannot be explained by models describing a remnant expanding through a spherically symmetric wind of the progenitor star. We investigate whether a past interaction of Cas A with an asymmetric circumstellar shell can account for the observed asymmetries. We performed 3D MHD simulations that describe the remnant evolution from the SN to its interaction with a circumstellar shell. The initial conditions are provided by a 3D neutrino-driven SN model whose morphology resembles Cas A. We explored the parameter space of the shell, searching for a set of parameters able to produce reverse shock asymmetries at the age of 350 years analogous to those observed in Cas A. The interaction of the remnant with the shell can produce asymmetries resembling those observed in the reverse shock if the shell was asymmetric with the densest portion in the nearside to the northwest (NW). The reverse shock shows the following asymmetries at the age of Cas A: i) it moves inward in the observer frame in the NW region, while it moves outward in other regions; ii) the geometric center of the reverse shock is offset to the NW from the geometric center of the forward shock; iii) the reverse shock in the NW region has enhanced nonthermal emission because, there, the ejecta enter the reverse shock with a higher velocity (between 4000 and 7000 km/s) than in other regions (below 2000 km/s). The asymmetries observed in the reverse shock of Cas A can be interpreted as signatures of the interaction of the remnant with an asymmetric circumstellar shell that occurred between 180 and 240 years after the SN event. We suggest that the shell was, most likely, the result of a massive eruption from the progenitor star that occurred between $10^4$ and $10^5$ years prior to core-collapse. We estimate a total mass of the shell of the order 2 Msun.

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