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arXiv 1808.03058astro-ph.HE
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超新星遗迹仙后座A的分子气体

Molecular gas toward supernova remnant Cassiopeia A

Ping Zhou, Jiang-Tao Li, Zhi-Yu Zhang, Jacco Vink, Yang Chen, Maria Arias, Daniel Patnaude, Joel N. Bregman

摘要:

利用IRAM 30 m望远镜对超新星遗迹仙后座A的12 COJ =1-0、12 COJ =2-1、13 COJ =1-0和13 COJ =2-1谱线进行了标测。沿着Cas A视线的分子云(MC)没有显示出光学上薄的、激波增宽的12 CO谱线($ΔV \le 7$ km s $^{-1}$朝向Cas A),也没有激波加热的高温特征($T_k \le 22$ K朝向Cas A)。因此,我们认为没有物理证据支持SNR影响分子气体。所有检测到的MC可能都在Cas A的前面,如在相同速度范围内检测到的HCO+吸收线所暗示的。这些MC在SNR的西部、南部和中心分别贡献$5\times 10^{21}$ cm $^{-2}$、$5\times 10^{21}$ cm $^{-2}$和$2\times 10^{21}$ cm $^{-2}$的H $_2$柱密度。20 K温度为$V_{LSR}\sim -47$ km s $^{-1}$的暖气体沿Cas A南部的大尺度分子脊分布。部分气体投射到Cas A上,提供了一个前景H $_2$质量为$\sim 200 (d/3 kpc)^2$ Msun,与SNR前面发现的冷尘埃质量(15- 20 K; 2- 4 Msun)一致。我们认为20 K的暖气体是由电离率为$ζ({\rm H_2})\sim 2\times 10^{-16}$ s $^{-1}$的背景宇宙线加热的。Cas A的宇宙射线或X射线辐射被排除为云的加热源。

英文摘要:

We mapped 12CO J=1-0, 12CO J=2-1, 13CO J=1-0, and 13CO J=2-1 lines toward supernova remnant (SNR) Cassiopeia A with the IRAM 30m telescope. The molecular clouds (MCs) along the line of sight of Cas A do not show optically thin, shock-broadened 12CO lines ($ΔV \le 7$ km s$^{-1}$ toward Cas A), or high-temperature features from shock heating ($T_k \le 22$ K toward Cas A). Therefore, we suggest that there is no physical evidence to support that the SNR is impacting the molecular gas. All the detected MCs are likely in front of Cas A, as implied by the HCO+ absorption line detected in the same velocity ranges. These MCs contribute H$_2$ column densities of $5\times 10^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$, $5\times 10^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$, and $2\times 10^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$ in the west, south, and center of the SNR, respectively. The 20 K warm gas at $V_{LSR}\sim -47$ km s$^{-1}$ is distributed along a large-scale molecular ridge in the south of Cas A. Part of the gas is projected onto Cas A, providing a foreground H$_2$ mass of $\sim 200 (d/3 kpc)^2$ Msun, consistent with the mass of cold dust (15--20 K; 2--4 Msun) found in front of the SNR. We suggest that the 20 K warm gas is heated by background cosmic rays with an ionization rate of $ζ({\rm H_2})\sim 2\times 10^{-16}$ s$^{-1}$. The cosmic rays or X-ray emission from Cas A are excluded as the heating sources of the clouds.

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