In this work, generalized principal bundles modelled by Lie group bundle actions are investigated. In particular, the definition of equivariant connections in these bundles, associated to Lie group bundle connections, is provided, together with the analysis of their existence and their main properties. The final part gives some examples. In particular, since this research was initially originated by some problems on geometric reduction of gauge field theories, we revisit the classical Utiyama Theorem from the perspective investigated in the article.
The equivalence of principal bundles with transitive Lie groupoids due to Ehresmann is a well known result. A remarkable generalisation of this equivalence, due to Mackenzie, is the equivalence of principal bundle extensions with those transitive Lie groupoids over the total space of a principal bundle, which also admit an action of the structure group by automorphisms. This paper proves the existence of suitably equivariant transition functions for such groupoids, generalising consequently the classification of principal bundles by means of their transition functions, to extensions of princip…
Let $G$ be a connected complex Lie group and $Γ\subset G$ a cocompact lattice. Let $H$ be a complex Lie group. We prove that a holomorphic principal $H$-bundle $E_H$ over $G/Γ$ admits a holomorphic connection if and only if $E_H$ is invariant. If $G$ is simply connected, we show that a holomorphic principal $H$-bundle $E_H$ over $G/Γ$ admits a flat holomorphic connection if and only if $E_H$ is homogeneous.
In this article we consider the continuity of the eigenvalues of the connection Laplacian of $G$-connections on vector bundles over Riemannian manifolds. To show it, we introduce the notion of the asymptotically $G$-equivariant measured Gromov-Hausdorff topology on the space of metric measure spaces with isometric $G$-actions, and apply it to the total spaces of principal $G$-bundles equipped with $G$-connections over Riemannian manifolds.
The aim of this article is to proof a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a Cartan connection on a principal bundle. After collecting the essentially well known facts to fix the terminology, soldering forms and geometrizable principal bundles are defined to finally prove the existence criterion.
A new construction of a universal connection was given in \cite{BHS}. The main aim here is to explain this construction. A theorem of Atiyah and Weil says that a holomorphic vector bundle $E$ over a compact Riemann surface admits a holomorphic connection if and only if the degree of every direct summand of $E$ is degree. In \cite{AB}, this criterion was generalized to principal bundles on compact Riemann surfaces. This criterion for principal bundles is also explained.
For a Riemann surface $X$ and the moduli of regularly stable $G$-bundles $M$, there is a naturally occuring "$adjoint$" vector bundle over $X \times M$. One can take the determinant of this vector bundle with respect to the projection map onto $M$. Our aim here is to study the curvature of the determinant bundle as the conformal structure on $X$ varies over the Teichmüller space.
In this paper, we prove that principal circle bundles over the complex projective space equipped with the standard Sasakian structures are volume rigid among all $K$-contact manifolds satisfying positivity conditions of tensors involing the Tanaka-Webster curvature.
We construct new examples of manifolds with cyclic-parallel Ricci tensor, so called A-manifolds, on a r-torus bundle over a product of almost Hodge A-manifolds.
Using a model for the bundle $\hat{\mathcal F}^2M$ of semi-holonomic second order frames of a manifold $M$ as an extension of the bundle ${\mathcal F}^2M$ of holonomic second order frames of $M$, we introduce in $\hat{\mathcal F}^2M$ a principal bundle structure over ${\mathcal F}^2M$, the structure group being the additive group $A_2(n)$ of skew-symmetric bilinear maps from ${\Bbb R}^2 \times {\Bbb R}^n$ into ${\Bbb R}^n$. The composition of the projection of that structure with the existing projection of the bundle $\tilde{\mathcal F}^2M$ of non-holonomic second order frames of $M$ over $\ha…
We show a relationship between Chern-Simons 1- and 3-forms and harmonic forms on a principal bundle. Doing so requires one to consider an adiabatic limit. For the 3-form case, assume that G is simple and the corresponding Chern-Weil 4-form is exact. Then, the Chern-Simons 3-form on the princpal bundle G-bundle, minus a canonical term from the base, is harmonic in the adiabatic limit.
Let $P\to M$ be a principal bundle. Consider a sequence of metrics on $P$ obtained by re-scaling the fibers to points. The Gromov-Hausdorff limit of the tangent bundles over these principal bundles with their Sasaki metric is seen herein to be a locally trivial fiber bundle containing the tangent space to the base as a subbundle in a natural way. Berger 3-spheres provide an example where the limit fibers are still of dimension 3. The fibers are shown to be entirely determined by the riemannian holonomy of the chosen bi-invariant metric.
We consider groupoids in the category of principal bundles, which we call principal bundles (PB) groupoids. Inspired by work by Th. Nikolaus and K. Waldorf, we generalise bundle gerbes over manifolds to bundle gerbes over groupoids and discuss a functorial correspondence between PB groupoids and bundle gerbes over groupoids. From a PB groupoid over a fibre product groupoid, we build a bundle gerbe over another fibre product groupoid. Conversely, from a bundle gerbe over a Lie groupoid, we build a PB groupoid. It has a trivial base and from any PB groupoid with trivial base, we build a bundle g…
Let K be a a Lie group, modeled on a locally convex space, and M a finite-dimensional paracompact manifold with corners. We show that each continuous principal K-bundle over M is continuously equivalent to a smooth one and that two smooth principal K-bundles over M which are continuously equivalent are also smoothly equivalent. In the concluding section, we relate our results to neighboring topics.
We construct a new example of an A-manifold, i.e. a Riemannian manifold with a cyclic-parallel Ricci tensor, which can be viewed as a generalization of the Einstein condition. The underlying manifold for our construction is a principal torus bundle over Kähler-Einstein manifold a with fibre a torus of arbitrary dimension.
We investigate principal $G$-bundles on a compact Kähler manifold, where $G$ is a complex algebraic group such that the connected component of it containing the identity element is reductive. Defining (semi)stability of such bundles, it is shown that a principal $G$-bundle $E_G$ admits an Einstein-Hermitian connection if and only if $E_G$ is polystable. We give an equivalent formulation of the (semi)stability condition. A question is to compare this definition with that of math.AG/0506511.
We investigate G-invariant symplectic structures on the cotangent bundle T*P of a principal G-bundle P(M,G) which are canonically related to automorphisms of the tangent bundle TP covering the identity map of P and commuting with the action of TG on TP. The symplectic structures corresponding to connections on P(M,G) are also investigated. The Marsden-Weinstein reduction procedure for these symplectic structures is discussed.
We define the pull-back of a smooth principal fibre bundle, and show that it has a natural principal fibre bundle structure. Next, we analyse the relationship between pull-backs by homotopy equivalent maps. The main result of this article is to show that for a principal fibre bundle over a paracompact manifold, there is a principal fibre bundle isomorphism between pull-backs obtained from homotopic maps. This enables simple proofs of several results on the structure of principal fibre bundles. No new results are obtained---this is simply an accessible presentation of an important idea.
The aim of this paper is to present the stochastic Poisson equations associated to Lie algebroids. The stochastic Poisson equations associated to a refinement of a concrete principal bundle are determined.
The main result we give in this brief note relates, under suitable hypotheses, the ϕ-null Osserman, the null Osserman and the classical Osserman conditions to each other, via semi-Riemannian submersions as projection maps of principal torus bundles arising from a Lorentzian S-manifold.
Perhaps the most important contribution of gauge theory to general mathematics is to point out the importance of association functors. Emphasizing category theory we characterize association functors by two of their natural properties and use this characterization to establish an equivalence between the category of principal bundles and a suitably defined category of functors. From the point of view of differential geometry we detail the specialization of non-linear or Ehresmann to principal and linear connections and discuss the widely known and very useful universality of principal curvature…
We present several principal bundles of embeddings of compact manifolds (with or without boundary) whose base manifolds are nonlinear Grassmannians. We study their infinite dimensional differential manifold structure in the Fréchet category. This study is motivated by the occurrence of such objects in the geometric Lagrangian formulation of free boundary continuum mechanics and in the study of the associated infinite dimensional dual pairs structures.
We study manifolds with almost nonnegative curvature operator (ANCO) and provide first examples of closed simply connected ANCO mannifolds that do not admit nonnegative curvature operator.
We study polar actions with horizontal sections on the total space of certain principal bundles $G/K\to G/H$ with base a symmetric space of compact type. We classify such actions up to orbit equivalence in many cases. In particular, we exhibit examples of hyperpolar actions with cohomogeneity greater than one on locally irreducible homogeneous spaces with nonnegative curvature which are not homeomorphic to symmetric spaces.
In this paper, we introduce the concept of principal bundles on statistical manifolds. After necessary preliminaries on information geometry and principal bundles on manifolds, we study the $α$-structure of frame bundles over statistical manifolds with respect to $α$-connections, by giving geometric structures. The manifold of one-dimensional normal distributions appears in the end as an application and a concrete example.
A principal Higgs bundle $(P,ϕ)$ over a singular curve $X$ is a pair consisting of a principal bundle $P$ and a morphism $ϕ:X\to\text{Ad}P \otimes Ω^1_X$. We construct the moduli space of principal Higgs G-bundles over an irreducible singular curve $X$ using the theory of decorated vector bundles. More precisely, given a faithful representation $ρ:G\to Sl(V)$ of $G$, we consider principal Higgs bundles as triples $(E,q,ϕ)$ where $E$ is a vector bundle with $\rk{E}=\dim V$ over the normalization $\xtilde$ of $X$, $q$ is a parabolic structure on $E$ and $ϕ:E\ab{}\to L$ is a morphism of bundles, …
Let $P(M,G)$ be a principal fiber bundle, let $ω$ be a connection form on $P(M,G)$, and consider a projectable connection $\nabla^{P}$ on $P(M,G)$. The aim of this work is to determine the $\nabla^{P}$-martingales in $P(M,G)$. Our results allow establishing new characterizations of harmonic maps from Riemannian manifolds to principal fiber bundles.
Let $X$ be a compact connected Kähler manifold equipped with an anti-holomorphic involution which is compatible with the Kähler structure. Let $G$ be a connected complex reductive affine algebraic group equipped with a real form $σ_G$. We define pseudo-real principal $G$--bundles on $X$; these are generalizations of real algebraic principal $G$--bundles over a real algebraic variety. Next we define stable, semistable and polystable pseudo-real principal $G$--bundles. Their relationships with the usual stable, semistable and polystable principal $G$--bundles are investigated. We then prove that…
We construct and study general connections on Lie groupoids and differentiable stacks as well as on principal bundles over them using Atiyah sequences associated to transversal tangential distributions.
Let $H$ be a semisimple algebraic group. We prove the semistable reduction theorem for $μ$--semistable principal $H$--bundles over a {\it smooth projective variety $X$} defined over the field $\bc$. When $X$ is a {\it smooth projective surface} and $H$ is simple, we construct the algebro--geometric Donaldson--Uhlenbeck compactification of the moduli space of $μ$--semistable principal $H$--bundles with fixed characteristic classes and describe its points. For large characteristic classes we show that the moduli space of $μ$--stable principal $H$--bundles is non--empty.
We present a derivation-based Atiyah sequence for noncommutative principal bundles. Along the way we treat the problem of deciding when a given $^*$-automorphism on the quantum base space lifts to a $^*$-automorphism on the quantum total space that commutes with the underlying structure group.
Holomorphic principal G-bundles over a complex manifold M can be studied using non-abelian cohomology groups H^1(M,G). On the other hand, if M=Σis a closed Riemann surface, there is a correspondence between holomorphic principal G-bundles over Σand coadjoint orbits in the dual of a central extension of the Lie algebra C^\infty(Σ, \g). We review these results and provide the details of an integrability condition for almost complex structures on smoothly trivial bundles. This article is a shortened version of the author's Diplom thesis.
For elliptic principal bundles $π:X\ra B$ over Kähler manifolds it was shown by Blanchard that $X$ has a Kähler metric if and only both Chern classes (with real coefficients) of $π$ vanish. For some elliptic principal bundles, when the span of these Chern classes is 1-dimensional, it was shown by Vaisman that $X$ carry locally conformally Kähler (LCK, for short) metrics. We show that in the case when the Chern classes are linearly independent, $X$ carries no LCK metric.
We put together some of the efforts by several people of making aspects of fibre bundle theory into algebra. The initiator of these efforts was Charles Ehresmann, who put the notion of groupoid and groupoid action in the focus of fibre bundle theory in general, and in connection theory in particular.
Quantum affine bundles are quantum principal bundles with affine quantum structure groups. A general theory of quantum affine bundles is presented. In particular, a detailed analysis of differential calculi over these bundles is performed, including the description of a natural differential calculus over the structure affine quantum group. A particular attention is given to the study of the specific properties of quantum affine connections and several purely quantum phenomena appearing in the context of quantum affine bundles. Various interesting constructions are presented. In particular, the…
Recently we initiated the study of spherical T-duality for spacetimes that are principal SU(2)-bundles. In this paper, we extend spherical T-duality to spacetimes that are oriented non-principal SU(2)-bundles. There are several interesting new examples in this case and a new phenomenon appearing in the non-principal case is the existence of infinitely many spherical T-duals.
Let E_G be a principal G-bundle over a compact connected Kähler manifold, where G is a connected reductive complex linear algebraic group. We show that E_G is semistable if and only if it admits approximate Hermitian-Einstein structures.
Given a smooth complex projective variety X and a smooth divisor D on X, we prove the existence of Hermitian-Einstein connections, with respect to a Poincaré-type metric on X - D, on polystable parabolic principal Higgs bundles with parabolic structure over D, satisfying certain conditions on its restriction to D.
Let G be a simple linear algebraic group defined over the complex numbers. Fix a proper parabolic subgroup P of G and a nontrivial antidominant character χof P. We prove that a holomorphic principal G-bundle E over a connected complex projective manifold M is semistable and the second Chern class of its adjoint bundle vanishes in rational cohomology if and only if the line bundle over E/P defined by χis numerically effective. Similar results remain valid for principal bundles with a reductive linear algebraic group as the structure group. These generalize an earlier work of Y. Miyaoka where he…
Let X be a compact connected Riemann surface equipped with an anti-holomorphic involution σ. Let G be a connected complex reductive affine algebraic group, and let σ_G be a real form of G. We consider holomorphic principal G-bundles on X satisfying compatibility conditions with respect to σand σ_G. We prove that the points defined over $\mathbb R$ of the smooth locus of a moduli space of principal G-bundles on X are precisely these objects, under the assumption that {\rm genus}(X) > 2. Stable, semistable and polystable bundles are defined in this context. Relationship between any of these prop…
I consider principal Higgs bundles satisfying a notion of numerical flatness (H-nflatness) that was introduced by Bruzzo and Graña Otero. I prove that a principal Higgs bundle $\mathfrak{E}=(E,φ)$ is H-nflat is either stable or there exists a Higgs reduction of $\mathfrak{E}$ to a parabolic subgroup $P$ of $G$ such that the principal $L$-bundle $\mathfrak{E}_L$ obtained by extending the reduced Higgs bundle $\mathfrak{E}_P$ to the Levi factor $L$ is H-nflat and stable; and as consequence, $H^{*}(\mathfrak{E},\mathbb{R})$ is isomorphic to the cohomology ring of the associated graded object $\ma…
We give a complete characterization of invariant integrable complex structures on principal bundles defined over hermitian symmetric spaces, using the Jordan algebraic approach for the curvature computations. In view of possible generalizations, the general setup of invariant holomorphic principal fibre bundles is described in a systematic way.
In this note we show that the holonomies for higher local systems provided by the higher Riemann-Hilbert correspondence coincide with those associated to principal $2$-bundles where both formalisms meet.
Let $M$ be a compact complex manifold of dimension at least three and $Π: M\rightarrow X$ a positive principal elliptic fibration, where $X$ is a compact Kähler orbifold. Fix a preferred Hermitian metric on $M$. In \cite{V}, the third author proved that every stable vector bundle on $M$ is of the form $L\otimes Π^*B_0$, where $B_0$ is a stable vector bundle on $X$, and $L$ is a holomorphic line bundle on $M$. Here we prove that every stable Higgs bundle on $M$ is of the form $(L\otimes Π^*B_0,Π^*Φ_X)$, where $(B_0, Φ_X)$ is a stable Higgs bundle on $X$ and $L$ is a holomorphic line bundle on $…
Let $M$ be a compact connected special flat affine manifold without boundary equipped with a Gauduchon metric $g$ and a covariant constant volume form. Let $G$ be either a connected reductive complex linear algebraic group or the real locus of a split real form of a complex reductive group. We prove that a flat principal $G$-bundle $E_G$ over $M$ admits a Hermitian-Einstein structure if and only if $E_G$ is polystable. A polystable flat principal $G$--bundle over $M$ admits a unique Hermitian-Einstein connection. We also prove the existence and uniqueness of a Harder-Narasimhan filtration for …
We define double principal bundles (DPBs), for which the frame bundle of a double vector bundle, double Lie groups and double homogeneous spaces are basic examples. It is shown that a double vector bundle can be realized as the associated bundle of its frame bundle. Also dual structures, gauge transformations and connections in DPBs are investigated.
Let $π:P\to M^n$ be a principal G-bundle, and let ${\mathcal{L}}: J^1P \toΛ^n(M)$ be a G-invariant Lagrangian density. We obtain the Euler-Poincare equations for the reduced Lagrangian l defined on ${\mathcal C}(P)$, the bundle of connections on P.
A nonassociative generalization of the principal fiber bundles with a smooth loop mapping on the fiber is presented. Our approach allows us to construct a new kind of gauge theories that involve higher ''nonassociative'' symmetries.
The purpose of this note is to define sheaves for diffeological spaces and give a construction of their Čech cohomology. As an application, we prove that the first degree Čech cohomology classes for the sheaf of smooth functions to an abelian diffeological group $G$ classify the diffeological principal $G$-bundles.
In this paper we introduce principal 2-bundles and show how they are classified by non-abelian Cech cohomology. Moreover, we show that their gauge 2-groups can be described by 2-group-valued functors, much like in classical bundle theory. Using this, we show that, under some mild requirements, these gauge 2-groups possess a natural smooth structure. In the last section we provide some explicit examples.
We semiclassicalise the theory of quantum group principal bundles to the level of Poisson geometry. The total space $X$ is a Poisson manifold with Poisson-compatible contravariant connection, the fibre is a Poisson-Lie group in the sense of Drinfeld with bicovariant Poisson-compatible contravariant connection, and the base has an inherited Poisson structure and Poisson-compatible contravariant connection. The latter are known to be the semiclassical data for a quantum differential calculus. The theory is illustrated by the Poisson level of the $q$-Hopf fibration on the standard $q$-sphere. We …
In this paper we introduce a notion of parallel transport for principal bundles with connections over differentiable stacks. We show that principal bundles with connections over stacks can be recovered from their parallel transport thereby extending the results of Barrett, Caetano and Picken, and Schreiber and Waldof from manifolds to stacks. In the process of proving our main result we simplify Schreiber and Waldorf's definition of a transport functor for principal bundles with connections over manifolds and provide a more direct proof of the correspondence between principal bundles with conn…
We describe a necessary and sufficient condition for a principal circle bundle over an even-dimensional manifold to carry an invariant contact structure. As a corollary it is shown that all circle bundles over a given base manifold carry an invariant contact structure, only provided the trivial bundle does. In particular, all circle bundles over 4-manifolds admit invariant contact structures. We also discuss the Bourgeois construction of contact structures on odd-dimensional tori in this context, and we relate our results to recent work of Massot, Niederkrueger and Wendl on weak symplectic fil…
