arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2109.12445cs.GTcs.AI
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多人博弈中的数学信息设计:单点拥塞下的可能性与限制

Algorithmic Information Design in Multi-Player Games: Possibility and Limits in Singleton Congestion

Princeton University(普林斯顿大学);University of Oregon(俄勒冈大学);University of Chicago(芝加哥大学)

Chenghan Zhou, Thanh H. Nguyen, Haifeng Xu

摘要:

到目前为止,大多数关于多代理信息设计的算法研究都集中在没有代理间外部性的限制情况下;少数例外调查了真正的战略游戏,如零和游戏和第二价格拍卖,但都只关注最优公共信号。本文在一类具有负外部性的基本博弈中,提出了\emph{public}和\emph{private}信令的算法信息设计,即,单例拥塞游戏,在今天的数字经济,机器调度,路由等具有广泛的应用,对于公共和私人信令,我们表明,最优信息设计时,可以有效地计算资源的数量是一个常数。据我们所知,这是第一套有效的\emph{exact}算法的信息设计,简洁地表示多人游戏。我们的研究结果取决于新的技术,如开发某些“简化形式”,以competitively表征公共信号的均衡或代表球员的边际信念,在私人信号。当有许多资源,我们显示计算的棘手性的结果。为了克服多重均衡的问题,在这里我们引入了一个新的均衡概念-- \emph{oblivious}硬度,它排除了计算良好信号方案的任何可能性,无论均衡选择规则如何。

英文摘要:

Most algorithmic studies on multi-agent information design so far have focused on the restricted situation with no inter-agent externalities; a few exceptions investigated truly strategic games such as zero-sum games and second-price auctions but have all focused only on optimal public signaling. This paper initiates the algorithmic information design of both \emph{public} and \emph{private} signaling in a fundamental class of games with negative externalities, i.e., singleton congestion games, with wide application in today's digital economy, machine scheduling, routing, etc. For both public and private signaling, we show that the optimal information design can be efficiently computed when the number of resources is a constant. To our knowledge, this is the first set of efficient \emph{exact} algorithms for information design in succinctly representable many-player games. Our results hinge on novel techniques such as developing certain "reduced forms" to compactly characterize equilibria in public signaling or to represent players' marginal beliefs in private signaling. When there are many resources, we show computational intractability results. To overcome the issue of multiple equilibria, here we introduce a new notion of equilibrium-\emph{oblivious} hardness, which rules out any possibility of computing a good signaling scheme, irrespective of the equilibrium selection rule.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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