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arXiv 2108.11517astro-ph.HE
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eROSITA校准和性能验证阶段:麦哲伦云中的大质量X射线双星

eROSITA calibration and performance verification phase: High-mass X-ray binaries in the Magellanic Clouds

F. Haberl, C. Maitra, S. Carpano, X. Dai, V. Doroshenko, K. Dennerl, M. J. Freyberg, M. Sasaki, A. Udalski, K. A. Postnov, N. I. Shakura

摘要:

在其性能验证阶段,光谱-伦琴-伽马(SRG)航天器上的软X射线仪器eROSITA观测了麦哲伦云中的大片区域,那里有近40个已知的高质量X射线双星(HMXB,包括候选者)。我们在eROSITA数据中寻找新的HMXB,在HMXB候选者中搜索脉动,并使用存档的X射线和光学数据研究整个样品的长期行为。对于足够明亮的源,对其eROSITA数据进行了详细的光谱和时间分析。对不同能量带的eROSITA图像进行的源检测分析提供了剩余源的计数率和上限。本文报道了在大麦云星云中发现的一个新的Be/X射线双星。瞬态SRGET J 052829.5 -690345是在0.2-8.0 keV的光度下检测到的,约为10^35 erg/s,并显示出硬X射线光谱,这是该类HMXB的典型特征。V~15.7星等对应的OGLE I波段光变曲线显示出高达0.75星等的巨大变化,其出现的准周期约为511天。eROSITA对小麦哲伦云的观测覆盖了16颗Be/X射线双星,其中5颗足够明亮,可以准确确定它们的电流脉冲周期。从eROSITA数据测量的SXP 726和SXP 1323的脉冲周期分别为~800 s和~1006 s,远离它们的发现周期。包括档案XMM-牛顿观测,我们更新的自旋周期的历史,这两个长周期的恒星,显示出近线性的趋势,他们的周期演变,因为超过15年。SXP 726的相应平均自旋下降速率为4.3 s/yr,而SXP 1323的自旋上升速率为-23.2 s/yr。我们在准球吸积的框架下讨论了这两个双星的自旋演化。

英文摘要:

During its performance verification phase, the soft X-ray instrument eROSITA aboard the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma(SRG) spacecraft observed large regions in the Magellanic Clouds, where almost 40 known high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs, including candidates) are located. We looked for new HMXBs in the eROSITA data, searched for pulsations in HMXB candidates and investigated the long-term behaviour of the full sample using archival X-ray and optical data. For sources sufficiently bright, a detailed spectral and temporal analysis of their eROSITA data was performed. A source detection analysis of the eROSITA images in different energy bands provided count rates and upper limits for the remaining sources. We report the discovery of a new Be/X-ray binary in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The transient SRGEt J052829.5-690345 was detected with a 0.2-8.0 keV luminosity of ~10^35 erg/s and exhibits a hard X-ray spectrum, typical for this class of HMXBs. The OGLE I-band light curve of the V~15.7 mag counterpart shows large variations by up to 0.75 mag, which occur quasi periodically with ~511 days. The eROSITA observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud covered 16 Be/X-ray binary pulsars, five of them were bright enough to accurately determine their current pulse period. The pulse periods for SXP 726 and SXP 1323 measured from eROSITA data are ~800 s and ~1006 s, respectively, far away from their discovery periods. Including archival XMM-Newton observations we update the spin-period history of the two long-period pulsars which show nearly linear trends in their period evolution since more than 15 years. The corresponding average spin-down rate for SXP 726 is 4.3 s/yr while SXP 1323 shows spin-up with a rate of -23.2 s/yr. We discuss the spin evolution of the two pulsars in the framework of quasi-spherical accretion.

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