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arXiv 2106.09285cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.supr-con
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纳米系统中具有分数熵和电导的Majorana系综

Majorana ensembles with fractional entropy and conductance in nanoscopic systems

Sergey Smirnov

摘要:

量子热力学是一个有前途的路线明确检测的马约拉纳束缚态。与量子输运有着本质的不同,这种方法揭示了独特的马约拉纳热力学行为,加深了我们对马约拉纳量子输运本身的认识。在这里,我们证明了一个纳米级系统的拓扑超导体产生了显着的积累的马约拉纳热力学状态在广泛的马约拉纳隧穿阶段,通过增加它的温度$T$。揭示这种身体行为有双重好处。首先,它显着降低了依赖的熵的隧道相位,在实验中变得几乎无关紧要。第二,分数马约拉纳熵$S_M^{(2)}=k_B\ln(2^\frac{3}{2})$可以在高温下观察到,这大大促进了实验。通过对量子输运的分析,我们预测,当温度升高时,上述热力学行为将导致线性电导从零值异常增加到向高温延伸的幺正分数Majorana平台$G_M=e^2/2h$.

英文摘要:

Quantum thermodynamics is a promising route to unambiguous detections of Majorana bound states. Being fundamentally different from quantum transport, this approach reveals unique Majorana thermodynamic behavior and deepens our insight into Majorana quantum transport itself. Here we demonstrate that a nanoscopic system with topological superconductors produces a remarkable accumulation of Majorana thermodynamic states in wide ranges of Majorana tunneling phases by means of increasing its temperature $T$. Revealing this physical behavior is twofold beneficial. First, it significantly reduces the dependence of the entropy on the tunneling phases which become almost irrelevant in experiments. Second, the fractional Majorana entropy $S_M^{(2)}=k_B\ln(2^\frac{3}{2})$ may be observed at high temperatures substantially facilitating experiments. Analyzing quantum transport, we predict that when the temperature increases, the above thermodynamic behavior will induce an anomalous increase of the linear conductance from vanishing values up to the unitary fractional Majorana plateau $G_M=e^2/2h$ extending to high temperatures.

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