Conductance at zero source-drain voltage bias in InSb nanowire/NbTiN superconductor devices exhibits peaks that are close to a quantized value of $2e^2/h$. The nearly quantized resonances evolve in the tunnel barrier strength, magnetic field and magnetic field orientation in a way consistent with Majorana zero modes. Our devices feature two tunnel probes on both ends of the nanowire separated by a 400 nm nanowire segment covered by the superconductor. We only find nearly quantized zero bias peaks localized to one end of the nanowire, while conductance dips are observed for the same parameters on the other end. This undermines the Majorana explanation as Majorana modes must come in pairs. We do identify states delocalized from end to end near zero magnetic field and at higher electron density, which is not in the basic Majorana regime. We lay out procedures for assessing the nonlocality of subgap wavefunctions and provide a classification of nanowire bound states based on their localization.
We theoretically study transport properties of nanowires with the Dresselhaus [110] spin-orbit coupling under the in-plane Zeeman potential and the proximity-induced s-wave pair potential. In the topologically nontrivial phase, the nanowire hosts the Majorana fermions at its edges and the number of the Majorana bound states is equal to the number propagating channels (Nc). When we attach a normal metal to the superconductor, such Majorana bound states penetrate into the dirty normal segment and form the Nc resonant transmission channels there. We show that chiral symmetry of the electronic sta…
Superconductors hosting long-sought excitations called Majorana fermions may be ultimately used as qubits of fault-tolerant topological quantum computers. A crucial challenge toward the topological quantum computer is to implement quantum operation of nearly degenerate quantum states as a dynamical process of Majorana fermions. In this paper, we investigate the braiding dynamics of Majorana fermions on superconducting nanowires. In a finite size system, a non- adiabatic dynamical process dominates the non-Abelian braiding that operates qubits of Majorana fermions. Our simulations clarify how q…
We investigate the charge transport in a semiconductor nanowire that is subject to a perpendicular magnetic field and in partial contact with an \textit{s}-wave superconductor. We find that Majorana fermions, existing at the interface between superconducting and normal sections of the nanowire within certain parameter region, can induce resonant Andreev reflection of electrons at the interface, which yields a zero energy peak in the electrical conductance of the nanowire. The width of the zero energy conductance peak for different experimental parameters is characterized. While the zero energy…
Motivated by the fact that the idealized Kitaev chain toy model and the experimental semiconductor-superconductor Majorana nanowire can both host the Majorana zero modes, we theoretically investigate the question to what extent the two models are equivalent or similar, using the perspective of the corresponding dual spin models for both. We start with the duality between the Kitaev chain and the transverse-field XY spin model through the Jordan-Wigner transformation with the goal of establishing the connection between the Kitaev chain and the nanowire. By applying the Jordan-Wigner transformat…
We theoretically study a Josephson junction based on a semiconducting nanowire subject to a time-dependent flux bias. We establish a general density matrix approach for the dynamical response of the Majorana junction and calculate the resulting flux-dependent susceptibility using both microscopic and effective low-energy descriptions for the nanowire. We find that the diagonal component of the susceptibility, associated with the dynamics of the Majorana states populations, dominates over the standard Kubo contribution for a wide range of experimentally relevant parameters. The diagonal term, t…
We propose an alternative platform to observe Majorana bound states in solid state systems. High critical temperature cuprate superconductors can induce superconductivity, by proximity effect, in quasi one dimensional nanowires with strong spin orbit coupling. They favor a wider and more robust range of conditions to stabilize Majorana fermions due to the large gap values, and offer novel functionalities in the design of the experiments determined by different dispersion for Andreev bound states as a function of the phase difference.
Coupled Majorana zero modes with nonzero energies are generally detrimental to the non-Abelian statistics due to the additional dynamic phase. Nevertheless, we show that a well-connected lead can introduce a local non-Hermitian dissipation term to shift the energies of the both coupled Majorana modes to zero, and surprisingly turn the coupled Majorana mode far from the lead into a dark Majorana mode with exponentially small dissipation. This dark Majorana mode can conquer the drawback of the partially overlapped Majorana zero modes and possess the properties of true Majorana zero mode such as …
Majorana bound states (MBS) and Andreev bound states (ABS) in realistic Majorana nanowires setups have similar experimental signatures which make them hard to distinguishing one from the other. Here, we characterize the continuous Majorana/Andreev crossover interpolating between fully-separated, partially-separated, and fully-overlapping Majorana modes, in terms of global and local topological invariants, fermion parity, quasiparticle densities, Majorana pseudospin and spin polarizations, density overlaps and transition probabilities between opposite Majorana components. We found that in inhom…
The boundary Green's function (bGF) approach has been established as a powerful theoretical technique for computing the transport properties of tunnel-coupled hybrid nanowire devices. Such nanowires may exhibit topologically nontrivial superconducting phases with Majorana bound states at their boundaries. We introduce a general method for computing the bGF of spinful multi-channel lattice models for such Majorana nanowires, where the bGF is expressed in terms of the roots of a secular polynomial evaluated in complex momentum space. In many cases, those roots, and thus the bGF, can be accuratel…
Developing a gate-tunable, scalable, and topologically-protectable supercurrent qubit and integrating it into a quantum circuit are crucial for applications in the fields of quantum information technology and topological phenomena. Here we propose that the nano-hybrid supercurrent transistors, a superconducting quantum analogue of a transistor, made of topological insulator nanowire would be a promising platform for unprecedented control of both the supercurrent magnitude and the current-phase relation by applying a voltage on a gate electrode. We believe that our experimental design will help…
Starting from the Bogolubov - de Gennes theory describing the induced p-wave superconductivity in the Majorana wire of an arbitrary shape, we predict a number of intriguing phenomena such as the geometry-dependent phase battery (or a phi-Josephson junction with the spontaneous superconducting phase difference) and generation of additional quasiparticle modes at the Fermi level with the spatial position tuned by the external magnetic field direction. This tuning can be used to extend the capabilities of the braiding protocols in Majorana networks.
We report on several low temperature experiments supporting the presence of Majorana fermions in superconducting lead nanowires fabricated with a scanning tunneling microscope. These nanowires are the connecting bridges between the STM tip and the sample resulting from indentation processes. We show here that by a controlled tuning of the geometry of the nanowire region, in which superconductivity is confined by applied magnetic fields, the conductance curves obtained in these situations are indicative of topological superconductivity and Majorana fermions. The most prominent feature of this b…
We study the low-energy transport properties of a hybrid device composed by a native quantum dot coupled to both ends of a topological superconducting nanowire section hosting Majorana zero-modes. The account of the coupling between the dot and the farthest Majorana zero-mode allows to introduce the topological quality factor, characterizing the level of topological protection in the system. We demonstrate that Coulomb interaction between the dot and the topological superconducting section leads to the onset of the additional overlap of the wavefunctions describing the Majorana zero-modes, lea…
Finite-length one-dimensional topological superconductor wires host localized Majorana zero modes at their ends. In realistic models, these appear only after a topological quantum critical point is crossed by external tuning of parameters. Thus, there is a universal finite-size scaling, governed by the critical point, that dictates the evolution of the energy of the Majorana modes near the transition. We first describe this scaling, then apply it in detail to an explicit synthetic topological superconductor model. Our work not only connects Ising quantum criticality with realistic nanowires in…
After a recent series of rapid and exciting developments, the long search for the Majorana fermion - the elusive quantum entity at the border between particles and antiparticles - has produced the first positive experimental results, but is not over yet. Originally proposed by E. Majorana in the context of particle physics, Majorana fermions have a condensed matter analog in the zero-energy bound states emerging in topological superconductors. A promising route to engineering topological superconductors capable of hosting Majorana zero modes consists of proximity coupling semiconductor thin fi…
We report on the observation of excitation of Majorana fermions in a Nb-InSb nanowire quantum dot-Nb hybrid system. The InSb nanowire quantum dot is formed between the two Nb contacts by weak Schottky barriers and is thus in the regime of strong couplings to the contacts. Due to the proximity effect, the InSb nanowire segments covered by superconductor Nb contacts turn to superconductors with a superconducting energy gap $Δ^*$. Under an applied magnetic field larger than a critical value for which the Zeeman energy in the InSb nanowire is $E_z\sim Δ^*$, the entire InSb nanowire is found to be …
We report the occurrence of the zero-bias conductance peak (ZBCP) in an InAs nanowire coupled to PbIn superconductors with varying temperature, bias voltage, and magnetic field. The ZBCP is suppressed with increasing temperature and bias voltage above the Thouless energy of the nanowire. Applying a magnetic field also diminishes the ZBCP when the resultant magnetic flux reaches the magnetic flux quantum h/2e. Our observations are consistent with theoretical expectations of reflectionless tunneling, in which the phase coherence between an electron and its Andreev-reflected hole induces the ZBCP…
We investigate theoretically the low energy physics of semiconductor Majorana wires in the vicinity of a magnetic field-driven topological quantum phase transition (TQPT). The local density of states (LDOS) at the end of the wire, which is directly related to the differential conductance in the limit of point-contact tunneling, is calculated numerically. We find that the dependence of the end-of-wire LDOS on the magnetic field is non-universal and that the signatures associated with the closing of the superconducting gap at the Majorana TQPT are essentially invisible within a significant range…
We report a systematic experimental study of mesoscopic conductance fluctuations in superconductor/normal/superconductor (SNS) devices Nb/InAs-nanowire/Nb. These fluctuations far exceed their value in the normal state and strongly depend on temperature even in the low-temperature regime. This dependence is attributed to high sensitivity of perfectly conducting channels to dephasing and the SNS fluctuations thus provide a sensitive probe of dephasing in a regime where normal transport fails to detect it. Further, the conductance fluctuations are strongly non-linear in bias voltage and reveal su…
We consider wires near a zero temperature transition between superconducting and metallic states. The critical theory obeys hyperscaling, which leads to a universal frequency, temperature, and length dependence of the conductance; quantum and thermal phase slips are contained within this critical theory. Normal (NN), superconducting (SS) and mixed (SN) leads on the wire determine distinct universality classes. For the SN case, wires near the critical point have a universal d.c. conductance which is independent of the length of the wire at low temperatures.
Signatures of Majorana fermion bound states in one-dimensional topological insulator (TI) nanowires with proximity effect induced superconductivity are studied. The phase diagram and energy spectra are calculated for single TI nanowires and it is shown that the nanowires can be in the topological invariant phases of winding numbers $W=0, \pm 1$, and $\pm 2$ corresponding to the cases with zero, one and two pairs of Majorana fermions in the single TI nanowires. It is also shown that the topological winding numbers, i.e., the numbers of pairs of Majorana fermions in the TI nanowires can be extra…
Coulomb blockaded transport of topological superconducting nanowires provides an opportunity to probe the localization of states at both ends of the system in a two-terminal geometry. In addition, it provides a way for checking for subgap states away from the leads. At the same time, Coulomb blockade transport is difficult to analyze because of the interacting nature of the problem arising from the nonperturbative Coulomb interaction inherent in the phenomenon. Here we show that the Coulomb blockade transport can be modeled at the same level of complexity as quantum point contact tunneling tha…
We show that the microwave (MW) spectra in semiconductor-nanowire-based transmon qubits provide a strong signature of the presence of Majorana bound states in the junction. This occurs as an external magnetic field tunes the wire into the topological regime and the energy splitting of the emergent Majorana modes oscillates around zero energy owing to their wave function spatial overlap in finite-length wires. In particular, we discuss how these Majorana oscillations, and the concomitant fermion parity switches in the ground state of the junction, result in distinct spectroscopic features --in …
We numerically compute the low-energy spectrum of a gate-controlled superconducting topological nanowire segmented into two islands, each Josephson-coupled to a bulk superconductor. This device may host two pairs of Majorana bound states and could provide a platform for testing Majorana fusion rules. We analyze the crossover between (i) a charge-dominated regime utilizable for initialization and readout of Majorana bound states, (ii) a single-island regime for dominating inter-island Majorana coupling, (iii) a Josephson-plasmon regime for large coupling to the bulk superconductors, and (iv) a …
Given recent progress in the realization of Majorana zero modes in semiconducting nanowires with proximity-induced superconductivity, a crucial next step is to attempt an experimental demonstration of the predicted braiding statistics associated with the Majorana mode. Such a demonstration should, in principle, confirm that observed zero-bias anomalies are indeed indicative of the presence of anyonic Majorana zero modes. Moreover, such a demonstration would be a breakthrough at the level of fundamental physics: the first clear demonstration of a non-Abelian excitation. It is therefore importan…
The charge character of Andreev bound states (ABSs) in a three-terminal semiconductor-superconductor hybrid nanowire was measured using local and nonlocal tunneling spectroscopy. The device is fabricated using an epitaxial InAs/Al two-dimensional heterostructure with several gate-defined side probes. ABSs are found to oscillate around zero as a function of gate voltage, with modifications of their charge consistent with theoretical expectations for the total Bardeen-Cooper- Schrieffer (BCS) charge of ABSs.
A one-dimensional semiconductor nanowire proximitized by a nearby superconductor may become a topological superconductor hosting localized Majorana zero modes at the two wire ends in the presence of spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman spin splitting (arising from an external magnetic field). The hallmark of the presence of such Majorana zero modes is the appearance of a zero-temperature quantized zero-bias conductance peak in the tunneling spectroscopy of the Majorana nanowire. We theoretically study the temperature and the tunnel coupling dependence of the tunneling conductance in such nanowires t…
We theoretically consider the ubiquitous soft gap measured in the tunneling conductance of semiconductor-superconductor hybrid structures, in which recently observed signatures of elusive Majorana bound states have created much excitement. We systematically study the effects of magnetic and non-magnetic disorder, temperature, dissipative Cooper pair breaking, and interface inhomogeneity, which could lead to a soft gap. We find that interface inhomogeneity with moderate dissipation is the only viable mechanism that is consistent with the experimental observations. Our work indicates that improv…
Electron transport through Majorana nanowire with strongly asymmetric couplings to normal metal leads is considered. In three terminal geometry (electrically grounded nanowire) it is shown that the presence of unbiased electrode restores zero-bias anomaly even for strong Majorana energy splitting. For effectively two-terminal geometry we show that electrical current through asymmetric Majorana junction is qualitatively different from the analogous current through a resonant (Breit-Wigner) level.
We explore the signatures of Majorana fermions in a nanowire based topological superconductor-quantum dot-topological superconductor hybrid device by charge transport measurements. The device is made from an epitaxially grown InSb nanowire with two superconductor Nb contacts on a Si/SiO$_2$ substrate. At low temperatures, a quantum dot is formed in the segment of the InSb nanowire between the two Nb contacts and the two Nb contacted segments of the InSb nanowire show superconductivity due to the proximity effect. At zero magnetic field, well defined Coulomb diamonds and the Kondo effect are ob…
A topological insulator nanowire, proximity-coupled to an ordinary bulk s-wave superconductor and subject to a longitudinal applied magnetic field, is shown to realize a one-dimensional topological superconductor with unpaired Majorana fermions localized at both ends. This situation occurs under a wide range of conditions and constitutes what is possibly the most easily accessible physical realization of the elusive Majorana particles in a solid-state system.
Experimental evidence for Majorana bound states largely relies on measurements of the tunneling conductance. While the conductance into a Majorana state is in principle quantized to $2e^2/h$, observation of this quantization has been elusive, presumably due to temperature broadening in the normal-metal lead. Here, we propose to use a superconducting lead instead, whose gap strongly suppresses thermal excitations. For a wide range of tunneling strengths and temperatures, a Majorana state is then signaled by symmetric conductance peaks at $eV=\pmΔ$ with quantized height $G=(4-π)2e^2/h$. For a su…
Dimensional dependence of thermal conductance at low temperatures in nanowires is studied using the nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method. Our calculation shows a smooth dimensional crossover of thermal conductance in nanowire from one-dimensional to three-dimensional behavior with the increase of diameters. The results are consistent with the experimental findings that the temperature dependence of thermal conductance at low temperature for diameters from tens to hundreds nanometers will be close to Debye law. The calculation also suggests that universal thermal conductance is only ob…
One of the cornerstones for topological quantum computations is the Majorana zero mode, which has been intensively searched in fractional quantum Hall systems and topological superconductors. Several recent works suggest that such an exotic mode can also exist in a one-dimensional (1D) interacting double-wire setup even without long-range superconductivity. A notable instability in these proposals comes from interchannel single-particle tunneling that spoils the topological ground state degeneracy. Here we show that a 1D Dirac semimetal (DSM) nanowire is an ideal number-conserving platform to …
This paper presents a coupled channel model for transport in 2D semiconductor Majorana nanowires coupled to normal leads. When the nanowire hosts a zero mode, conspicuous signatures on the linear conductance are predicted. An effective model in second quantization allowing a fully analytical solution is used to clarify the physics. We also discuss the nonlinear current response ($dI/dV$)
We study multiband semiconducting nanowires proximity-coupled with an s-wave superconductor and calculate the topological phase diagram as a function of the chemical potential and magnetic field. The non-trivial topological state corresponds to a superconducting phase supporting an odd number of pairs of Majorana modes localized at the ends of the wire, whereas the non-topological state corresponds to a superconducting phase with no Majoranas or with an even number of pairs of Majorana modes. Our key finding is that multiband occupancy not only lifts the stringent constraint of one-dimensional…
We show that confined Majorana fermions can exist in nanowires with proximity induced s-wave superconducting pairing if the direction of an external magnetic field rotates along the wire. The system is equivalent to nanowires with Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling, with strength proportional to the derivative of the field angle. For realistic parameters, we demonstrate that a set of permanent magnets can bring a nearby nanowire into the topologically non-trivial phase with localized Majorana modes at its ends. Without the requirement of spin-orbit coupling this opens up for a new route for demon…
The effects of geometry on the hosting of Majorana zero modes are explored in core-shell nanowires with a hexagonal core and a triangular shell, and vice versa. The energy interval separating electronic states localized in the corners from states localized on the sides of the shell is shown to be larger for a triangular nanowire with a hexagonal core, than a triangular one. We build the topological phase diagram for both cases and compare them to earlier work on prismatic nanowires with the same core and shell geometry. We suggest that a dual core nanowire is needed to allow for a braiding ope…
We calculate the cross section for optical absorption of planar 2D Majorana nanowires. Light is described in the dipole approximation. We discuss the signatures on the cross section of a near-zero-energy mode. A low energy peak for transverse polarization, absent in longitudinal one, reveals the presence of the Majorana-like state. This peak is relatively robust against thermal smearing of the level occupations. We consider the influence of optical masks hiding parts of the nanowire from the light.
We discuss the robustness of Majorana edge modes in a finite quantum nanowire of cylindrical shape. The nanowire is modeled as a bidimensional cylindrical shell of semiconductor material with proximity-induced superconductivity and an intrinsic Rashba spin-orbit interaction. The latter is characterized by effective electric and magnetic fields in transverse direction of the nanowire. An applied external magnetic field pointing in an arbitrary orientation is also assumed. The numerical diagonalization of the Hamiltonian allows us to study the spectrum of the nanowire for different experimental …
We calculate the local quasi-particle current of a Majorana state in a planar hybrid (superconductor-semiconductor) nanowire. In absence of perpendicular components of the magnetic field the current flows in circular trajectories without a preferred orientation. On the other hand, when a perpendicular component of the magnetic field is present the quasi-particle current circulates surrounding the Majorana density peak with an orientation established by the magnetic field.
The evolution of the structure and conductance of an Al nanowire subject to a tensile stress has been studied by first-principles total-energy simulations. Our calculations show the correlation between discontinuous changes in the force (associated to changes in the bonding structure of the nanowire) and abrupt modifications of the conductance as the nanowire develops a thinner neck, in agreement with the experiments. We reproduce the characteristic increase of the conductance in the last plateau, reaching a value close to the conductance quantum $G_0 = 2 e^2 / h$ before the breaking of the na…
Majorana fermions are particles identical to their own antiparticles. They have been theoretically predicted to exist in topological superconductors. We report electrical measurements on InSb nanowires contacted with one normal (Au) and one superconducting electrode (NbTiN). Gate voltages vary electron density and define a tunnel barrier between normal and superconducting contacts. In the presence of magnetic fields of order 100 mT we observe bound, mid-gap states at zero bias voltage. These bound states remain fixed to zero bias even when magnetic fields and gate voltages are changed over con…
We report conductance and supercurrent of InAs nanowires coupled to Al-superconducting electrodes with short channel lengths and good Ohmic contacts. The nanowires are suspended 15\,nm above a local gate electrode. The charge density in the nanowires can be controlled by a small change in the gate voltage. For large negative gate voltages, the number of conducting channels is reduced gradually and we observe a stepwise decrease of both conductance and critical current before the conductance vanishes completely.
A numerical method to obtain the spectrum of smooth normal-superconductor junctions in nanowires, able to host Majorana zero modes, is presented. Softness in the potential and superconductor interfaces yields opposite effects on the protection of Majorana modes. While a soft potential is a hindrance for protection, a soft superconductor gap transition greatly favors it. Our method also points out the possibility of extended Majorana states when propagating modes are active far from the junction, although this requires equal incident fluxes in all open channels.
We investigate the effects that a tilting of the magnetic field from the parallel direction has on the states of a 1D Majorana nanowire. Particularly, we focus on the conditions for the existence of Majorana zero modes, uncovering an analytical relation (the sine rule) between the field orientation relative to the wire, its magnitude and the superconducting parameter of the material. The study is then extended to junctions of nanowires, treated as magnetically inhomogeneous straight nanowires composed of two homogeneous arms. It is shown that their spectrum can be explained in terms of the spe…
We have performed thermal conductance measurements on individual single crystalline silicon suspended nanowires. The nanowires (130 nm thick and 200 nm wide) are fabricated by e-beam lithography and suspended between two separated pads on Silicon On Insulator (SOI) substrate. We measure the thermal conductance of the phonon wave guide by the 3 method. The cross-section of the nanowire approaches the dominant phonon wavelength in silicon which is of the order of 100 nm at 1K. Above 1.3K the conductance behaves as T3, but a deviation is measured at the lowest temperature which can be att…
Hybrid nanowires combining semiconductor and superconductor materials appear well suited for the creation, detection, and control of Majorana bound states (MBSs). We demonstrate the emergence of MBSs from coalescing Andreev bound states (ABSs) in a hybrid InAs nanowire with epitaxial Al, using a quantum dot at the end of the nanowire as a spectrometer. Electrostatic gating tuned the nanowire density to a regime of one or a few ABSs. In an applied axial magnetic field, a topological phase emerges in which ABSs move to zero energy and remain there, forming MBSs. We observed hybridization of the …
We study a disordered superconducting nanowire, with broken time-reversal and spin-rotational symmetry, which can be driven into a topological phase with end Majorana bound states by an externally applied magnetic field. As a function of disorder strength, it is known that the Majorana nanowire has a delocalization quantum phase transition from a topologically nontrivial phase, which supports Majorana bound states, to a nontopological insulating phase without them. On both sides of the transition, the system is localized at zero energy albeit with very different topological properties. We expl…
Majorana Josephson junctions in nanowire systems exhibit a pseudo-$4π$ period current-phase relation in the clean limit. In this work, we study how this current-phase relation responds to a tilted magnetic field in a disordered Majorana Josephson junction within the Bogoliubov-de Gennes approach. We show that the tilted magnetic field induces a $ϕ_0$ phase shift to the current-phase relation. Most importantly, we find that this $ϕ_0$-junction behavior is robust even in the presence of disorders.
We propose a scheme in semiconducting quantum nanowires structure to demonstrate the non-Abelian statistics for Majorana fermions in terms of braid group. The Majorana fermions are localized at the endpoints of semiconducting wires, which are deposited on an \emph{s}-wave superconductor. The non-Abelian nature of Majorana fermion is manifested by the fact that the output of the different applied orders of two operations, constructed by the braid group elements, are different. In particular, the difference can be unambiguously imprinted on the quantum states of a superconducting flux qubit.
We study a Majorana-carrying quantum wire, driven into a trivial phase by breaking the spatial inversion symmetry with a tilted external magnetic field. Interestingly, we predict that a supercurrent applied in the proximate superconductor is able to restore the topological phase and therefore the Majorana end-states. Using Abelian bosonization, we further confirm this result in the presence of electron-electron interactions and show a profound connection of this phenomenon to the physics of a one-dimensional doped Mott-insulator. The present results have important applications in e.g., realizi…
Majorana zero modes are localized quasiparticles that obey non-Abelian exchange statistics. Braiding Majorana zero modes forms the basis of topologically protected quantum operations which could in principle significantly reduce qubit decoherence and gate control errors in the device level. Therefore, searching for Majorana zero modes in various solid state systems is a major topic in condensed matter physics and quantum computer science. Since the first experimental signature observed in hybrid superconductor-semiconductor nanowire devices, this field has witnessed a dramatic expansion in mat…
Majorana zero modes at the boundaries of topological superconductors are charge-neutral, an equal superposition of electrons and holes. This ideal situation is, however, hard to achieve in physical implementations, such as proximitised semiconducting nanowires of realistic length. In such systems Majorana overlaps are unavoidable and lead to their hybridisation into charged Bogoliubov quasiparticles of finite energy which, unlike true zero modes, are affected by electronic interactions. We here demonstrate that these interactions, particularly with bound charges in the dielectric surroundings,…
Tunneling experiment is a key technique for detecting Majorana fermion in solid state systems. We use Keldysh non-equilibrium Green function method to study multi-lead tunneling in superconducting nanowire with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings. A zero-bias \textit{dc} conductance peak appears in our setup which signifies the existence of Majorana fermion and is in accordance with previous experimental results on InSb nanowire. Interestingly, due to the exotic property of Majorana fermion, there exists a hole transmission channel which makes the currents asymmetric at the left and ri…
In the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling, magnetic field can drive a proximitized nanowire into a topological superconducting phase. We study transport properties of such nanowires in the Coulomb blockade regime. The associated with the topological superconductivity Majorana modes significantly modify transport and lead to single-electron coherent transmission through the nanowire - a non-local signature of topological superconductivity. In this work, we focus on the case of strong hybridization of the Majorana modes with the normal leads. The induced by hybridization broadening of the Ma…
