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arXiv 2104.07683astro-ph.GAastro-ph.EP
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年轻无星核L1521E中复杂有机分子的检测

Detection of Complex Organic Molecules in Young Starless Core L1521E

Samantha Scibelli, Yancy Shirley, Anton Vasyunin, Ralf Launhardt

摘要:

确定致密的无星核和引力束缚的星前核内的化学复杂性水平对于构建化学模型至关重要,这些模型随后限制了恒星形成的初始化学条件。我们已经在年轻的无星核心L1521 E中寻找了复杂的有机分子(COMs),并报告了第一次明确检测到二甲醚(CH $_3$ OCH $_3$),甲酸甲酯(HCOOCH $_3$)和乙烯基氰(CH $_2$ CHCN)。还检测到乙醛(CH $_3$ CHO)的八个跃迁,其中五个(A状态)用于确定激发温度,然后计算其他含氧COM的柱密度。如果不考虑源大小(即,如果假设填充分数为1),则柱密度被低估,因此我们强调需要更高分辨率的绘图数据。我们计算了L1521 E COM丰度,并将其与低质量恒星形成的其他阶段进行了比较,还发现了与其他无星/星前核的相似之处,表明了相关的化学演化。假设在晶粒上形成的前体之间的气相反应中形成COM,然后通过反应解吸喷射到冷气体的情况进行了测试,并且无法重现观察到的COM丰度,CH $_3$ CHO除外。这些结果表明,在冷气体中观察到的COMs不仅通过气相反应形成,而且还通过星际颗粒上的表面反应形成。我们的观察对现有的理论天体化学模型提出了新的,独特的挑战。

英文摘要:

Determining the level of chemical complexity within dense starless and gravitationally bound prestellar cores is crucial for constructing chemical models, which subsequently constrain the initial chemical conditions of star formation. We have searched for complex organic molecules (COMs) in the young starless core L1521E, and report the first clear detection of dimethyl ether (CH$_3$OCH$_3$), methyl formate (HCOOCH$_3$), and vinyl cyanide (CH$_2$CHCN). Eight transitions of acetaldehyde (CH$_3$CHO) were also detected, five of which (A states) were used to determine an excitation temperature to then calculate column densities for the other oxygen-bearing COMs. If source size was not taken into account (i.e., if filling fraction was assumed to be one), column density was underestimated, and thus we stress the need for higher resolution mapping data. We calculated L1521E COM abundances and compared them to other stages of low-mass star formation, also finding similarities to other starless/prestellar cores, suggesting related chemical evolution. The scenario that assumes formation of COMs in gas-phase reactions between precursors formed on grains and then ejected to the cold gas via reactive desorption was tested and was unable to reproduce observed COM abundances, with the exception of CH$_3$CHO. These results suggest that COMs observed in cold gas are formed not by gas-phase reactions alone, but also through surface reactions on interstellar grains. Our observations present a new, unique challenge for existing theoretical astrochemical models.

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