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arXiv 2104.05923q-bio.PEmath.AP
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竞争、性状变异动力学和物种分布区的进化

Competition, Trait Variance Dynamics, and the Evolution of a Species' Range

Farshad Shirani, Judith R. Miller

摘要:

物种群落的地理范围在环境、生态和进化力量的作用下进化。了解这些力对物种范围动态的影响是空间生态学的一个主要目标。以往的数学模型都是在环境梯度的作用下,将物种种群分布的动态变化和与适应度相关的表型性状的选择性进化结合起来研究的。这些模型不可避免地包括一些不切实际的假设,并且生物学上合理的参数值范围不容易指定。因此,这种类型的种子模型的模拟可以导致显着不同的结论,这些人口的行为,包括适应不良设置稳定的范围边界的可能性。在这里,我们协调这样的结果,开发和模拟一个连续体模型的范围内的进化在一个社区的物种,相互竞争,同时扩散的环境梯度。我们的模型扩展了现有的模型,将竞争和自由变化的种内性状方差。该模型的模拟预测物种的性状方差的空间分布与文献中的实验测量结果一致。此外,他们重申种间竞争作为一个有效的因素,在限制物种的范围,即使性状变异不受人为限制。这些理论结果可以通知设计,但罕见的,实证研究,以澄清范围稳定的进化原因。

英文摘要:

Geographic ranges of communities of species evolve in response to environmental, ecological, and evolutionary forces. Understanding the effects of these forces on species' range dynamics is a major goal of spatial ecology. Previous mathematical models have jointly captured the dynamic changes in species' population distributions and the selective evolution of fitness-related phenotypic traits in the presence of an environmental gradient. These models inevitably include some unrealistic assumptions, and biologically reasonable ranges of values for their parameters are not easy to specify. As a result, simulations of the seminal models of this type can lead to markedly different conclusions about the behavior of such populations, including the possibility of maladaptation setting stable range boundaries. Here, we harmonize such results by developing and simulating a continuum model of range evolution in a community of species that interact competitively while diffusing over an environmental gradient. Our model extends existing models by incorporating both competition and freely changing intraspecific trait variance. Simulations of this model predict a spatial profile of species' trait variance that is consistent with experimental measurements available in the literature. Moreover, they reaffirm interspecific competition as an effective factor in limiting species' ranges, even when trait variance is not artificially constrained. These theoretical results can inform the design of, as yet rare, empirical studies to clarify the evolutionary causes of range stabilization.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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