中性进化性状的种间相关
Interspecies correlation for neutrally evolving traits
摘要：
模拟表型进化的一个简单方法是假设在分裂之后，姐妹物种的性状值作为独立的布朗运动而发散。仅依赖于底层物种树的先验分布（以现存物种的数量n为条件），我们研究随机向量（X_1，.，X_n）。本文给出了向量（X_1，…）的样本均值的方差和样本方差的均值的紧致公式。X_n）。这些公式的关键成分是从（X_1，…，X_n）。该种间相关系数不仅考虑到n中两个物种的随机抽样和布朗运动的随机性，而且考虑到系统发育树中的不确定性。后者是由（超临界或临界）条件分支过程建模。在关键的情况下，我们修改的Aldous-Popovic模型，假设一个适当的前原产地的时间。
英文摘要：
A simple way to model phenotypic evolution is to assume that after splitting, the trait values of the sister species diverge as independent Brownian motions. Relying only on a prior distribution for the underlying species tree (conditioned on the number, n, of extant species) we study the random vector (X_1,...,X_n) of the observed trait values. In this paper we derive compact formulae for the variance of the sample mean and the mean of the sample variance for the vector (X_1,...,X_n). The key ingredient of these formulae is the correlation coefficient between two trait values randomly chosen from (X_1,...,X_n). This interspecies correlation coefficient takes into account not only variation due to the random sampling of two species out of n and the stochastic nature of Brownian motion but also the uncertainty in the phylogenetic tree. The latter is modeled by a (supercritical or critical) conditioned branching process. In the critical case we modify the Aldous-Popovic model by assuming a proper prior for the time of origin.
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