arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2104.01256q-bio.PEcond-mat.stat-mech
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种群共存的有效资源竞争模型

Effective Resource-Competition Model for Species Coexistence

Deepak Gupta, Stefano Garlaschi, Samir Suweis, Sandro Azaele, Amos Maritan

摘要:

传统上,生态位理论的广泛框架内解释了大型生态系统中物种的局部共存。然而,其理论基础很难证明在几乎同质的环境中观察到的丰富的生物多样性是合理的。在这里,我们考虑一个消费者资源模型中,一个粗粒化的过程占各种生态机制,并导致有效的空间效应,有利于物种共存。在这里,我们为几个物种提供了在资源很少的环境中生活的条件。事实上,该模型显示了两个不同的阶段,这取决于幸存物种的数量是否大于或小于资源的数量。我们得到的条件,使一个物种可以成功地殖民共存的物种池。最后,我们分析计算了共存物种的种群大小分布。数值模拟以及人口规模的经验分布支持我们的分析结果。

英文摘要:

Local coexistence of species in large ecosystems is traditionally explained within the broad framework of niche theory. However, its rationale hardly justifies rich biodiversity observed in nearly homogeneous environments. Here we consider a consumer-resource model in which a coarse-graining procedure accounts for a variety of ecological mechanisms and leads to effective spatial effects which favour species coexistence. Herein, we provide conditions for several species to live in an environment with very few resources. In fact, the model displays two different phases depending on whether the number of surviving species is larger or smaller than the number of resources. We obtain conditions whereby a species can successfully colonize a pool of coexisting species. Finally, we analytically compute the distribution of the population sizes of coexisting species. Numerical simulations as well as empirical distributions of population sizes support our analytical findings.

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