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arXiv 1204.2822q-bio.PE
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三种群食物网〈动〉>模型中食饵群落分化对稳定共存的影响

The Effect of Differentiation of Prey Community on Stable Coexistence in a Three-Species Food--Web Model

E. Shchekinova, M. G. J. Löder, M. Boersma, K. H. Wiltshire

摘要:

群体内捕食食物网广泛存在于自然生境中。它们的适应性和复原力行为是理解生态群落结构调整的主要因素。尽管IGP食物网的重要性,他们的行为,即使是最简单的3种系统还没有得到充分的探讨。一个基本的问题是如何增加的最低营养级的多样性影响的持久性更高的营养级在IGP的关系。我们分析了一个具有异质资源和IGP的三种群食物网〈动〉<动>模型。该模型由两个捕食者通过IGP关系直接耦合和通过资源竞争间接耦合组成。资源被细分为不同的亚种群。各亚群中的个体被捕食者以不同的速率吃草。我们考虑两个模型:一个IGP模块与固定的顶部捕食者和IGP模块与物种营业额。我们研究了增加丰富和不同的固定化(资源转移)率的捕食者和资源的稳定共存的效果。我们探讨如何从基本的3种模型的预测时,IGP模块扩展到多个资源亚群改变。我们调查哪些参数支持一个强大的共存在IGP系统。对于多个亚种群的资源的情况下,我们提出了一个数值比较的百分比的食物网稳定共存的不同维度的资源社区。在低固定(转移)率,我们的模型预测一个稳定的3种共存的中间富集,同时在高速率的一个大的一组稳定的平衡配置被发现为高富集以及。

英文摘要:

Food webs with intraguild predation (IGP) are widespread in natural habitats. Their adaptation and resilience behaviour is principal for understanding restructuring of ecological communities. In spite of the importance of IGP food webs their behaviour even for the simplest 3-species systems has not been fully explored. One fundamental question is how an increase of diversity of the lowest trophic level impacts the persistence of higher trophic levels in IGP relationships. We analyze a 3-species food web model with a heterogeneous resources and IGP. The model consists of two predators directly coupled via IGP relation and indirectly via competition for resource. The resource is subdivided into distinct subpopulations. Individuals in the subpopulations are grazed at different rates by the predators. We consider two models: an IGP module with immobilization by the top predator and an IGP module with species turnover. We examine the effect of increasing enrichment and varying immobilization (resource transfer) rate on a stable coexistence of predators and resources. We explore how the predictions from the basic 3-species model are altered when the IGP module is extended to multiple resource subpopulations. We investigate which parameters support a robust coexistence in the IGP system. For the case of multiple subpopulations of the resource we present a numerical comparison of the percentage of food webs with stable coexistence for different dimensionalities of the resource community. At low immobilization (transfer) rates our model predicts a stable 3-species coexistence only for intermediate enrichment meanwhile at high rates a large set of stable equilibrium configurations is found for high enrichment as well.

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