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arXiv 2103.12281cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.supr-con
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具有次近邻相互作用的各向异性XY自旋链中强弱Majorana零模的共存

Coexistence of Strong and Weak Majorana Zero Modes in Anisotropic XY Spin Chain with Second-Neighbor Interaction

Kazuhiro Wada, Takanori Sugimoto, Takami Tohyama

摘要:

我们从理论上研究了具有第二近邻相互作用的各向异性XY自旋链中出现的Majorana零模。如果只考虑最近邻相互作用,该自旋链在数学上等价于由无自旋费米子组成的Kitaev链。最近的研究Kitaev链与长程相互作用,提出了几个Majorana零模共存。通过研究具有第二近邻相互作用的各向异性XY自旋链的拓扑相图,我们发现了几个与Kitaev链相似的Majorana零模的共存。然而,我们确认,零模式之一被限制到一个希尔伯特子空间。该模式被认为是一个所谓的弱零模式,应该表现出不同的物理性质的(强)零模式出现在整个希尔伯特空间。由于自旋的量子统计性质与硬核玻色子相同,我们期望不仅在量子自旋材料中,而且在冷原子系统的光晶格中,都能实现弱模的实验。

英文摘要:

We theoretically investigate Majorana zero modes emerging in an anisotropic XY spin chain with second neighbor interactions. The spin chain is mathematically equivalent to the Kitaev chain composing of spinless fermions if only nearest-neighbor interactions are considered. Recent studies on the Kitaev chain with long-ranged interactions, have presented coexistence of several Majorana zero modes. Investigating the topological phase diagram of the anisotropic XY spin chain with second neighbor interactions, we find coexistence of several Majorana zero modes similar to the Kitaev chain. However, we confirm that one of zero modes is restricted into a Hilbert subspace. The mode is regarded as a so-called weak zero mode that should exhibit thermodynamical properties different from a (strong) zero mode appearing in the whole Hilbert space. Since the quantum statistics of spin is the same as a hard-core boson, we expect an experimental realization of the weak mode in not only quantum spin materials but also optical lattices for cold atom systems.

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