We identify three-dimensional higher-order superconductors characterized by the coexistence of one-dimensional Majorana hinge states and gapless surface sates. We show how such superconductors can be obtained starting from the model of a spinful quadrupolar semimetal with two orbitals and adding an s-wave superconducting pairing term. By considering all the possible s-wave pairings satisfying Fermi-Dirac statistics we obtain six different superconducting models. We find that for two of these models a flat-band of hinge Majorana states coexist with surface states, and that these models have a non-vanishing quadrupole-like topological invariant. Two of the other models, in the presence of a Zeeman term, exhibit helical and dispersive hinge states localized only at two of the four hinges. We find that these states are protected by combinations of rotation and mirror symmetries, and that the pair of corners exhibiting hinge states switches upon changing the sign of the Zeeman term. Furthermore, we show that these states can be localized to a single hinge with suitable perturbations. The remaining two models retain gapless bulk and surface states that spectroscopically obscure any possible hinge states.
Helical Hinge Majoranas in Iron-Based Superconductors
受最近FeTe $_{1-x}$ Se $_{x}$实验的启发,我们构造了一个在$Z$点具有带反转和非拓扑体$s_{\pm}$配对的铁基超导体的显式极小模型.虽然有相当大的兴趣,马约拉纳零模式本地化的旋涡在这样的系统中,我们发现,我们的模型-没有任何旋涡-固有地支持一维螺旋马约拉纳模式本地化的铰链之间的(001)和(100)或(010)表面,这表明这是一个可行的平台,观察“高阶”拓扑超导性。我们提供了一个一般的理论,这些铰链模式,并讨论其稳定性和实验表现。我们的工作表明了铁基拓扑超导体中铰链Majoranas的可能的实验观测性。
Chiral Majorana hinge modes on a curved surface with magnetic impurities
University of California, Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校);Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory(劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室);University of Manchester(曼彻斯特大学);National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester(曼彻斯特大学国家石墨烯研究所);University of Florence(佛罗伦萨大学)
Double Majorana Vortex Flat Bands in the Topological Dirac Superconductor
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(香港科技大学);Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院物理研究所);School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学物理科学学院);School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology(北京理工大学物理学院);Nanjing University(南京大学);CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院理论物理研究所)
Reducing electronic transport dimension to topological hinge states by increasing geometry size of Dirac semimetal Josephson junctions
拓扑相的概念已被扩展到高阶,并已推广到不同的维度。作为范例,Cd3As2被预测为高阶拓扑半金属,具有三维(3D)体狄拉克费米子,二维(2D)费米弧,和一维(1D)铰链状态。这些拓扑状态在电子输运中具有不同的特征长度尺度,允许在改变样本大小时区分它们的属性。在这里,我们报告了一个异常的尺寸减少的超电流输运的狄拉克半金属Cd 3 As 2为基础的约瑟夫森结的大小增加。当结沟道长度增加时,观察到超导量子干涉从标准的夫琅和费模式向超导量子干涉器件(SQUID)模式的演化。类似SQUID的干涉图样表明了流经一维铰链的超电流。一维铰链态的识别对于更深入地理解三维狄拉克半金属中的高阶拓扑相是有价值的。
Field-Tunable One-Sided Higher-Order Topological Hinge States in Dirac Semimetals
近年来,高阶拓扑物质和三维量子霍尔效应引起了人们极大的关注。Weyl半金属中提出的三维量子霍尔效应的费米弧机制是以单侧铰链态为特征的,这在以往的量子霍尔系统中是不存在的,更重要的是提出了一个更高阶拓扑物质的现实例子。到目前为止,实验工作是在狄拉克半金属Cd $_3$ As $_2$中,然而时间反演对称性导致顶/底表面两侧的铰链状态,而不是期望的单侧铰链状态。我们提出,在倾斜磁场下,Cd $_3$ As $_2$类狄拉克半金属中的铰链态可以是单侧的,可以通过场方向和费米能量高度调谐,并且对弱无序具有鲁棒性。此外,我们提出了一种扫描隧道霍尔测量检测的单侧铰链状态。我们的结果不仅对研究二维以上的量子霍尔效应,而且对今后研究其他更高阶的拓扑绝缘体具有重要意义。
Helical Dirac-Majorana interferometer in a superconductor-topological insulator sandwich structure
在拓扑绝缘体与两个s波超导体构成的异质结构中,当两个s波超导体形成具有π相移的约瑟夫森结时,存在具有螺旋Majorana边缘模的时反不变性拓扑超导相.基于这样的异质结构,螺旋Dirac-Majorana干涉仪被提出来直接测量螺旋Majorana模式的独特输运特征。此外,我们设想如何在现有材料如Bi 2 Se 3或Bi 2 Te 3薄膜的基础上实现我们的提议。
Topological Majorana and Dirac zero modes in superconducting vortex cores
我们提供了一个参数的磁通插入的基础上表明,某些超导体与非平凡的拓扑不变的保护零模式在其涡核。这个论点具有二维指数定理的味道,也适用于无序系统。这也为理解无自旋$p_{x} + i p_{y}$超导体涡旋核中的零模提供了一种新的途径。将这种方法应用于具有和不具有时间反转和自旋旋转对称性的超导体,我们预测了其涡旋中存在受保护零模的充要条件。
Coexistence of Chiral Majorana Edge States and Bogoliubov Fermi Surfaces in Two-Dimensional Nonsymmorphic Dirac Semimetal/Superconductor Heterostructures