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arXiv 1901.07579cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.str-elcond-mat.supr-con
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二阶Dirac超导体和磁场诱导的Majorana铰链模

Second-order Dirac superconductors and magnetic field induced Majorana hinge modes

Sayed Ali Akbar Ghorashi, Xiang Hu, Taylor L. Hughes, Enrico Rossi

摘要:

我们确定了三维高阶超导体的特点是共存的一维马约拉纳铰链状态和无隙表面状态。我们展示了如何从具有两个轨道的自旋四极半金属模型开始,并添加一个s波超导配对项,可以得到这样的超导体。通过考虑所有可能的满足Fermi-Dirac统计的s波对,我们得到了六种不同的超导模型。我们发现,对于这些模型的铰链马约拉纳状态的平带与表面状态共存,这些模型有一个非零的四极拓扑不变量。其他两个模型,在塞曼项的存在下,表现出螺旋和色散铰链状态本地化仅在两个四个铰链。我们发现,这些国家的保护旋转和镜像对称性的组合,以及对角展示铰链状态开关改变塞曼项的符号。此外,我们表明,这些国家可以本地化到一个单一的铰链与适当的扰动。剩下的两个模型保留了无间隙的体积和表面状态,光谱掩盖任何可能的铰链状态。

英文摘要:

We identify three-dimensional higher-order superconductors characterized by the coexistence of one-dimensional Majorana hinge states and gapless surface sates. We show how such superconductors can be obtained starting from the model of a spinful quadrupolar semimetal with two orbitals and adding an s-wave superconducting pairing term. By considering all the possible s-wave pairings satisfying Fermi-Dirac statistics we obtain six different superconducting models. We find that for two of these models a flat-band of hinge Majorana states coexist with surface states, and that these models have a non-vanishing quadrupole-like topological invariant. Two of the other models, in the presence of a Zeeman term, exhibit helical and dispersive hinge states localized only at two of the four hinges. We find that these states are protected by combinations of rotation and mirror symmetries, and that the pair of corners exhibiting hinge states switches upon changing the sign of the Zeeman term. Furthermore, we show that these states can be localized to a single hinge with suitable perturbations. The remaining two models retain gapless bulk and surface states that spectroscopically obscure any possible hinge states.

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