The class of linearly ordered sets with one order preserving unary operation has the Strong Amalgamation Property (SAP). The class of linearly ordered sets with one strict order preserving unary operation has AP but not SAP. The class of linearly ordered sets with two order preserving unary operations has not AP. For every set $F$, the class of linearly ordered sets with an $F$-indexed family of automorphisms has SAP. Corresponding results are proved in the case of order reversing operations. Various subclasses of the above classes are considered and some model-theoretical consequences are presented.
Characterization of order types of pointwise linearly ordered families of Baire class 1 functions
在20世纪70年代,M。Laczkovich提出了以下问题:让$\mathcal{B}_1(X)$表示一套Baire类$1$功能定义的不可数波兰空间$X$配备了逐点排序。\[\text{Characterize the order types of the linearly ordered subsets of $\mathcal{B}_1(X)$.} \]本文的主要结果是这个问题的一个完整的解决方案。我们证明了一个线性序同构于Baire类$1$函数的一个线性序族当且仅当它同构于以下线性序的一个子集,我们称之为$([0,1]^{<ω_1}_{\searrow 0},<_{altlex})$,其中$[0,1]^{<ω_1}_{\searrow 0}$是$[0, 1]$中具有最后一个元素$0$的实数的严格递减超限序列的集合,而$<_{altlex}$,即所谓的\emph{alternating lexicographical ordering},定义如下:如果$(x_α)_{α\leq ξ}, (x'_α)_{α\leq ξ'} \in [0,1]^{<ω_1}_{\searrow 0}$和$δ$是最小序数,其中两个序列不同,那么我们说,\[ (x_α)_{α\leq ξ} <_{altlex} (x'_α)_{α\leq ξ'} \iff (δ\text{ is even and }…
Generic dc-automorphisms of two-sorted ultrametric spaces
Institute of Mathematics, Czech Academy of Sciences(捷克科学院数学研究所);University of Wrocław(弗罗茨瓦夫大学);University of Münster(明斯特大学);Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Mechanics, University of Warsaw(华沙大学数学、信息学和力学学院)
Chromatic number of the product of graphs, graph homomorphisms, Antichains and cofinal subsets of posets without AC
我们观察到关于以下组合语句的集合论强度,而没有选择公理。1.如果在一个偏序集合中,所有的链都是有限的,所有的反链都是可数的,那么这个集合是可数的。2.如果在一个偏序集合中,所有的链都是有限的,并且所有的反链都有$\aleph_α$的大小,那么对于任何正则$\aleph_α$,这个集合都有$\aleph_α$的大小。3. CS(每个没有极大元的偏序集都有两个不相交的共尾子集)。4. CWF(Every partially ordered set has a cofinal well-founded subset):每个偏序集都有一个共尾良基子集。5. DT(Dilworth's decomposition theorem for infinite p.o.sets of finite width)。6.如果一个图$G_{1}$的色数是有限的(称为$k<ω$),而另一个图$G_{2}$的色数是无限的,则$G_{1}\times G_{2}$的色数是$k$。7.对于一个无限图$G=(V_{G}, E_{G})$和一个有限图$H=(V_{H}, E_{H})$,如果$G$的每个有限子图都有到$H$的同态,则$G$也有到$H$的同态.此外,我们研究了一些语句限制到线性有序结构没有公理的选择。