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arXiv 2102.08704q-bio.PEcs.SYeess.SYmath.DS
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疫苗接种和SARS-CoV-2变体:还需要多少遏制措施?的定量评估

Vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 variants: how much containment is still needed? A quantitative assessment

Giulia Giordano, Marta Colaneri, Alessandro Di Filippo, Franco Blanchini, Paolo Bolzern, Giuseppe De Nicolao, Paolo Sacchi, Raffaele Bruno, Patrizio Colaneri

摘要:

尽管在医疗保健方面取得了进展,但全人群的综合干预措施(如物理距离、检测和接触者追踪)对于管理SARS-CoV-2大流行仍然至关重要,新的高传染性变体的出现加剧了这种流行。我们将预测COVID-19感染过程的房室SIDARTHE模型与新的基于数据的模型相结合,该模型将新病例投射到伤亡和医疗系统成本上。根据意大利的案例研究,我们概述了几种情况:不同节奏的大规模疫苗接种运动,由于新的变异导致的不同传播率,以及不同的强制性对策,包括开放和关闭阶段的交替。我们的研究结果表明,非药物干预措施(NPI)对流行病演变的影响比疫苗接种更大,这就要求在整个疫苗接种运动中保持遏制措施。我们还表明,如果采用间歇性开放-关闭策略,只要有远见从关闭阶段而不是开放阶段开始,死亡和医疗保健系统成本就可以大幅降低,而不会加剧社会经济损失。

英文摘要:

Despite the progress in medical care, combined population-wide interventions (such as physical distancing, testing and contact tracing) are still crucial to manage the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, aggravated by the emergence of new highly transmissible variants. We combine the compartmental SIDARTHE model, predicting the course of COVID-19 infections, with a new data-based model that projects new cases onto casualties and healthcare system costs. Based on the Italian case study, we outline several scenarios: mass vaccination campaigns with different paces, different transmission rates due to new variants, and different enforced countermeasures, including the alternation of opening and closure phases. Our results demonstrate that non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have a higher impact on the epidemic evolution than vaccination, which advocates for the need to keep containment measures in place throughout the vaccination campaign. We also show that, if intermittent open-close strategies are adopted, deaths and healthcare system costs can be drastically reduced, without any aggravation of socioeconomic losses, as long as one has the foresight to start with a closing phase rather than an opening one.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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