We look at upper bounds for the count of certain primes related to the Fermat numbers $F_n=2^{2^n}+1$ called elite primes. We first note an oversight in a result of Krizek, Luca and Somer and give the corrected, slightly weaker upper bound. We then assume the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis for Dirichlet L functions and obtain a stronger conditional upper bound.
In this paper, a new formula for π^(2)(N) is formulated, it is a function that counts the number of semi-primes not exceeding a given number N. A semi-prime is a natural number that is the product of precisely two prime numbers, the two primes in the product may equal each other. Semi-prime numbers are also a case of almost primes. Since a formula for this is already known, a new identity that uses the prime counting function is created by equating the two functions.
In this paper, we develop a novel analytic method to prove the prime number theorem in de la Vallée Poussin's form: $$ π(x)=\operatorname{li}(x)+\mathcal O(xe^{-c\sqrt{\log x}}) $$ Instead of performing asymptotic expansion on Chebyshev functions as in conventional analytic methods, this new approach uses contour-integration method to analyze Riemann's prime counting function $J(x)$, which only differs from $π(x)$ by $\mathcal O(\sqrt x/\log x)$.
We provide approximations to the prime counting function by various discretized versions of the logarithmic integral function, expressed solely in terms of the harmonic numbers. We demonstrate with explicit error bounds that these approximations are at least as good as the logarithmic integral approximation. As a corollary, we provide some reformulations of the Riemann hypothesis in terms of the prime counting function and the harmonic numbers.
In this paper, we give a new upper bound for the number $N_{\mathcal{R}}$ which is defined to be the smallest positive integer such that a certain inequality due to Ramanujan involving the prime counting function $π(x)$ holds for every $x \geq N_{\mathcal{R}}$.
Let $N$ be an odd perfect number. Let $ω(N)$ be the number of distinct prime factors of $N$ and let $Ω(N)$ be the total number (counting multiplicity) of prime factors of $N$. We prove that $\frac{99}{37}ω(N) - \frac{187}{37} \leq Ω(N)$ and that if $3\nmid N$, then $\frac{51}{19}ω(N)-\frac{46}{19} \leq Ω(N)$.
Each number field has an associated finite abelian group, the class group, that records certain properties of arithmetic within the ring of integers of the field. The class group is well-studied, yet also still mysterious. A central conjecture of Brumer and Silverman states that for each prime $\ell$, every number field has the property that its class group has very few elements of order $\ell$, where "very few" is measured relative to the absolute discriminant of the field. This paper surveys recent progress toward this conjecture, and outlines its close connections to counting prime numbers,…
Using a recent verification of the Riemann hypothesis up to height $3\cdot 10^{12}$, we provide strong estimates on $π(x)$ and other prime counting functions for finite ranges of $x$. In particular, we get that $|π(x)-\text{li}(x)|<\sqrt{x}\log x/8π$ for $2657\leq x\leq 1.101\cdot 10^{26}$. We also provide weaker bounds that hold for a wider range of $x$, and an application to an inequality of Ramanujan.
Counting the number of prime numbers up to a certain natural number and describing the asymptotic behavior of such a counting function has been studied by famous mathematicians like Gauss, Legendre, Dirichlet, and Euler. The prime number theorem determines that such asymptotic behavior is similar to the asymptotic behavior of the number divided by its natural logarithm. In this paper, we take advantage of a multiplicative representation of a number and the properties of the logarithm function to express the prime number theorem in terms of primorial numbers, and n-primorial totative numbers. A…
We generalize a Theorem of Ricci and count Gaussian primes $\mathfrak{p}$ with short interval restrictions on both the norm and the argument of $\mathfrak{p}$.
We present an algorithm analogous to the sieve of Eratosthenes that produces the list of twin primes. Next, we count the number of twin primes resulting from the construction with two different heuristic arguments. The first method is essentially the same as the one in Hardy and Wright. However, the second method is novel. It results in the same asymptotic formula but it uses a simpler correction factor than theirs. Though we have no theory for the accuracy of our estimates, we compute them both without and with the correction factor and they turn out to be close to the actual counts up to 800…
Let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over $\mathbb{Q}$ and without complex multiplication. For a prime $p$ of good reduction for $E$, we write $\#E_p(\mathbb{F}_p) = p + 1 - a_p(E)$ for the number of $\mathbb{F}_p$-rational points of the reduction $E_p$ of $E$ modulo $p$. Under the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH), we study the primes $p$ for which the integer $|a_p(E)|$ is a prime. In particular, we prove the following results: (i) the number of primes $p < x$ for which $|a_p(E)|$ is a prime is bounded from above by $C_1(E) \frac{x}{(\log x)^2}$ for some constant $C_1(E)$; (ii) the number…