Gor A. Sarkissian, Vyacheslav P. Spiridonov
A special singular limit $ω_1/ω_2\to 1$ is considered for the Faddeev modular quantum dilogarithm (hyperbolic gamma function) and the corresponding hyperbolic integrals. It brings a new class of hypergeometric identities associated with bilateral sums of Mellin-Barnes type integrals of particular Pochhammer symbol products.
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It is well-known that differentiation of hypergeometric function multiplied by a certain power function yields another hypergeometric function with a different set of parameters. Such differentiation identities for hypergeometric functions have been used widely in various fields of applied mathematics and natural sciences. In this expository note, we provide a simple proof of the differentiation identities, which is based only on the definition of the coefficients for the power series expansion of the hypergeometric functions.
Identities between Whittaker and modified Bessel functions are derived for particular complex orders. Certain polynomials appear in such identities, which satisfy a fourth order differential equation (not of hypergeometric type), and they themselves can be expressed as particular linear combinations of products of modified Bessel and confluent hypergeometric functions.
This paper describes a method to find a connection between combinatorial identities and hypergeometric series with a number of examples. Combinatorial identities can often be written as hypergeometric series with unit argument. In a number of cases these hypergeometric series are balanced and can be reduced to a simpler form. In this paper some combinatorial identities are proved using this method assuming that the results in the tables of Prudnikov et al. [12] are proven without using hypergeometric functions.
Basic hypergeometric identities derived from three-term relations
本文将Ebisu基于三项关系推导超几何恒等式的方法进行q-模拟，应用于基本超几何级数，从而得到若干已知及新的基本超几何恒等式。
A probabilistic approach is provided to establish new hypergeometric identities. It is based on the calculation of moments of the limiting distribution of the position of the elephant random walk in the superdiffusive regime.
Arithmetic Constraints on Hypergeometric Identities
研究超几何恒等式中伽马函数乘积与商的出现受算术条件限制，通过特定数据区域揭示其本质约束。
A few identities and integrals involving Pochhammer symbols, Jacobi polynomials, and the generalized hypergeometric function
本文通过Jacobi多项式和广义超几何函数的展开，推导出涉及Pochhammer符号的新的恒等式和积分闭形式。
Univariate specializations of Appell's hypergeometric functions F1, F2, F3, F4 satisfy ordinary Fuchsian equations of order at most 4. In special cases, these differential equations are of order 2, and could be simple (pullback) transformations of Euler's differential equation for the Gauss hypergeometric function. The paper classifies these cases, and presents corresponding relations between univariate specializations of Appell's functions and univariate hypergeometric functions. The computational aspect and interesting identities are discussed.
From the algebraic solution of $x^{n}-x+t=0$ for $n=2,3,4$ and the corresponding solution in terms of hypergeometric functions, we obtain a set of reduction formulas for hypergeometric functions. By differentiation and integration of these results, and applying other known reduction formulas of hypergeometric functions, we derive new reduction formulas of special functions as well as the calculation of some infinite integrals in terms of elementary functions.
In this note, we aim to provide generalizations of (i) Knuth's old sum (or Reed Dawson identity) and (ii) Riordan's identity using a hypergeometric series approach.
The fundamental set of solutions of the generalized hypergeometric differential equation in the neighborhood of unity has been built by Nørlund in 1955. The behavior of the generalized hypergeometric function in the neighborhood of unity has been described in the beginning of 1990s by Bühring, Srivastava and Saigo. In the first part of this paper we review their results rewriting them in terms of Meijer's $G$-function and explaining the interconnections between them. In the second part we present new formulas and identities for the coefficients that appear in the expansions of Meijer's $G$-fun…
The main goal of this paper is to derive a number of identities for the generalized hypergeometric function evaluated at unity and for certain terminating multivariate hypergeometric functions from the symmetries and other properties of Meijer's $G$ function. For instance, we recover two- and three-term Thomae relations for ${}_3F_2$, give two- and three-term transformations for ${}_4F_3$ with one unit shift and ${}_5F_4$ with two unit shifts in the parameters, establish multi-term identities for general ${}_{p}F_{p-1}$ and several transformations for terminating Kampé de Fériet and Srivastava…
We obtain extensions of classical hypergeometric identities of Bailey and Whipple that transform nearly-poised and very-well-poised series to Saalschützian series, Saalschützian series to Saalschützian series, and very-well-poised and nearly-poised series to very-well-poised series. We employ a method in which summations and transformations of lower-order series are used to obtain transformations of higher-order series. By taking limits, we also obtain extensions of two classical quadratic transformations of Whipple and Bailey. Furthermore, we show how a number of other well-known results rega…
There are many identities for the hypergeometric series presented in the article "Special values of the hypergeometric series" by Ebisu. In this note, we obtain a new hypergeometric identity, which includes some of these identities as special cases. We notice that this identity closely relates to a strange evaluation by Gosper. Key Words and Phrases: the hypergeometric series, hypergeometric identity.
A convolution approach leading to an explicit computation of a value of a 4F3 function is outlined. We also investigate about the role of the dilogarithm reflection formula, leading to a remarkable consequence: in some cases, values of 4F3 are given by linear combinations of a squared arctangent and a squared logarithm.
On some identities for confluent hypergeometric functions and Bessel functions
本文研究了特殊函数，提出了第一类Whittaker函数的新积分表示和Kummer合流超几何函数的求和公式，并通过赋值建立已知与新结果的联系。
In this paper, we show that the kernel function of Cauchy type for type $BC$ intertwines the commuting family of van Diejen's $q$-difference operators. This result gives rise to a transformation formula for certain multiple basic hypergeometric series of type $BC$. We also construct a new infinite family of commuting $q$-difference operators for which the Koornwinder polynomials are joint eigenfunctions.
Wilf-Zeilberger seeds and non-trivial hypergeometric identities
本研究采用生成Wilf-Zeilberger对的系统方法，证明了多位学者提出的超几何恒等式猜想，涵盖Ramanujan型1/π相关公式及ζ(5)级数等重要结果。
Several new identities for elliptic hypergeometric series are proved. Remarkably, some of these are elliptic analogues of identities for basic hypergeometric series that are balanced but not very-well-poised.
The aim of this research paper is to demonstrate how one can obtain eleven new and interesting hypergeometric identities (in the form of a single result) from the old ones by mainly applying the well known beta integral method which was used successfully and systematically by Krattenthaler and Rao in their well known, very interesting research papers. The results are derived with the help of generalization of a quadratic transformation formula due to Kummer very recently obtained by Kim, et al. . Several identities including one obtained earlier by Krattenthaler and Rao follow special cases of…
Complex binomial theorem and pentagon identities
本文通过双曲超几何积分的极限研究复二项式定理与五边形恒等式，并推导出复伽马函数的傅里叶变换公式。
In this paper, we will obtain new algebraic transformations of the $_2F_1$-hypergeometric functions. The main novelty in our approach is the interpretation of identities among $_2F_1$-hypergeometric functions as identities among automorphic forms on different Shimura curves.
In this work we show that it is possible to calculate the fractional integrals and derivatives of order $α$ (using the Riemann-Liouville formulation) of power functions $\left( t-\ast\right) ^β$ with $β$ being any real value, so long as one pays attention to the proper choosing of the lower and upper limits according to the original function's domain. We, therefore, obtain valid expressions that are described in terms of function series of the type $\left( t-\ast\right) ^{\pmα+k}$ and we also show that they are related to the famous hypergeometric functions of the Mathematical-Physics.
We give elementary derivations of several classical and some new summation and transformation formulae for bilateral basic hypergeometric series. For purpose of motivation, we review our previous simple proof ("A simple proof of Bailey's very-well-poised 6-psi-6 summation", Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., to appear) of Bailey's very-well-poised 6-psi-6 summation. Using a similar but different method, we now give elementary derivations of some transformations for bilateral basic hypergeometric series. In particular, these include M. Jackson's very-well-poised 8-psi-8 transformation, a very-well-poised …
Five Parameter Hypergeometric 3F2(1) when One or more Parameters are Integers or Separated by Integers: Derivations, Review, Exotics and More
本文探讨了超几何函数3F2(1)在参数为整数或被整数隔开时的推导、回顾及新结果，提供了一种简化求值的方法和通用恒等式。
We consider Poisson's equation on the $n$-dimensional sphere in the situation where the inhomogeneous term has zero integral. Using a number of classical and modern hypergeometric identities, we integrate this equation to produce the form of the fundamental solutions for any number of dimensions in terms of generalised hypergeometric functions, with different closed forms for even and odd-dimensional cases.
We derive formulas for the construction of all inequivalent Jacobian elliptic fibrations on the Kummer surface of two non-isogeneous elliptic curves from extremal rational elliptic surfaces by rational base transformations and quadratic twists. We then show that each such decomposition yields a description of the Picard-Fuchs system satisfied by the periods of the holomorphic two-form as either a tensor product of two Gauss' hypergeometric differential equations, an Appell hypergeometric system, or a GKZ differential system. As the answer must be independent of the fibration used, identities r…
In this paper, we present a new method for finding identities for hypergeoemtric series, such as the (Gauss) hypergeometric series, the generalized hypergeometric series and the Appell-Lauricella hypergeometric series. Furthermore, using this method, we get identities for the hypergeometric series $F(a,b;c;x)$; we show that values of $F(a,b;c;x)$ at some points $x$ can be expressed in terms of gamma functions, together with certain elementary functions. We tabulate the values of $F(a,b;c;x)$ that can be obtained with this method. We find that this set includes almost all previously known value…
We give a new hypergeometric construction of rational approximations to $ζ(4)$, which absorbs the earlier one from 2003 based on Bailey's ${}_9F_8$ hypergeometric integrals. With the novel ingredients we are able to get a better control of arithmetic and produce a record irrationality measure for $ζ(4)$.
On digamma series convertible into hypergeometric series
本文通过适当的极限过程，将单位值处的广义超几何函数多项恒等式转化为与双伽马级数相连的恒等式，从而为该函数关于所有参数的梯度的$1$-范数提供了文献中尚无类比的超几何表达式。
General elliptic hypergeometric functions are defined by elliptic hypergeometric integrals. They comprise the elliptic beta integral, elliptic analogues of the Euler-Gauss hypergeometric function and Selberg integral, as well as elliptic extensions of many other plain hypergeometric and $q$-hypergeometric constructions. In particular, the Bailey chain technique, used for proving Rogers-Ramanujan type identities, has been generalized to integrals. At the elliptic level it yields a solution of the Yang-Baxter equation as an integral operator with an elliptic hypergeometric kernel. We give a brie…
The beta integral method proved itself as a simple nonetheless powerful method of generating hypergeometric identities at a fixed argument. In this paper we propose a generalization by substituting the beta density with a particular type of Meijer's G function. By application of our method to known transformation formulas we derive about forty hypergeometric identities, majority of which are believed to be new. We further apply some of these transformations to obtain several new summation formulas.
We present a rational extension of Newton diagram for the positivity of ${}_1F_2$ generalized hypergeometric functions. As an application, we give upper and lower bounds for the transcendental roots $β(α)$ of \begin{align*} \int_0^{j_{α, 2}} t^{-β} J_α(t) dt = 0\qquad(-1<α\le 1/2), \end{align*} where $j_{α, 2}$ denotes the second positive zero of Bessel function $J_α$.
We prove the following theorems: 1) The Laurent expansions in epsilon of the Gauss hypergeometric functions 2F1(I_1+a*epsilon, I_2+b*epsilon; I_3+p/q + c epsilon; z), 2F1(I_1+p/q+a*epsilon, I_2+p/q+b*epsilon; I_3+ p/q+c*epsilon;z), 2F1(I_1+p/q+a*epsilon, I_2+b*epsilon; I_3+p/q+c*epsilon;z), where I_1,I_2,I_3,p,q are arbitrary integers, a,b,c are arbitrary numbers and epsilon is an infinitesimal parameter, are expressible in terms of multiple polylogarithms of q-roots of unity with coefficients that are ratios of polynomials; 2) The Laurent expansion of the Gauss hypergeometric function 2F1(I_1…
We deduce new q-series identities by applying inverse relations to certain identities for basic hypergeometric series. The identities obtained themselves do not belong to the hierarchy of basic hypergeometric series. We extend two of our identities, by analytic continuation, to bilateral summation formulae which contain Ramanujan's 1-psi-1 summation and a very-well-poised 4-psi-6 summation as special cases.
The aim of this note is to provide a full space quadratic external field extension of a classical result of Marcel Riesz for the equilibrium measure on a ball with respect to Riesz s-kernels. We address the case s=d-3 for arbitrary dimension d, in particular the logarithmic kernel in dimension 3. The equilibrium measure for this full space external field problem turns out to be a radial arcsine distribution supported on a ball with a special radius. As a corollary, we obtain new integral identities involving special functions such as elliptic integrals and more generally hypergeometric functio…
In 2010, Kh. Hessami Pilehrood and T. Hessami Pilehrood introduced generating function identities used to obtain series accelerations for values of Dirichlet's $β$ function, via the Markov--Wilf--Zeilberger method. Inspired by these past results, together with related results introduced by Chu et al., we introduce a variety of hypergeometric recurrences. We prove these recurrences using the WZ method, and we apply these recurrences to obtain series acceleration identities. We introduce a family of summations generalizing a Ramanujan-type series for $\frac{1}{π^2}$ due to Guillera, and a family…
In this article we prove a new elliptic hypergeometric integral identity. It previously appeared (as a conjecture) in articles by Rains, and Spiridonov and Vartanov. Moreover it gives a different proof of an identity in another article by Rains. We also give some basic hypergeometric and classical limits of this identity. The classical limit gives identities (some known, some new) between generalizations of the Selberg integral.
A hypergeometric basis for the Alpert multiresolution analysis
本文构建了用于阿尔佩特多分辨率分析的分段超几何多项式正交基，通过超几何函数的傅里叶变换和矩阵方程的递推关系，推导出新的正交关系和恒等式。
Two families (type $A$ and type $B$) of confluent hypergeometric polynomials in several variables are studied. We describe the orthogonality properties, differential equations, and Pieri type recurrence formulas for these families. In the one-variable case, the polynomials in question reduce to the Hermite polynomials (type $A$) and the Laguerre polynomials (type $B$), respectively. The multivariable confluent hypergeometric families considered here may be used to diagonalize the rational quantum Calogero models with harmonic confinement (for the classical root systems) and are closely connect…
We record $$ \binom{42}2+\binom{23}2+\binom{13}2=1192 $$ functional identities that, apart from being amazingly amusing by themselves, find applications in derivation of Ramanujan-type formulas for $1/π$ and in computation of mathematical constants.
It turned out that the partial sums $g_n(z) = \sum_{k=0}^n \frac{(a_1)_k ... (a_p)_k}{(b_1)_k ... (b_q)_k} \frac{z^k}{k!}$, of the generalized hypergeometric series ${}_p F_q(a_1,...,a_p; b_1,...,b_q;z)$, with parameters $a_j,b_l\in\mathbb{C}\backslash\{ 0,-1,-2,... \}$, are Sobolev orthogonal polynomials. The corresponding monic polynomials $G_n(z)$ are polynomials of $R_I$ type, and therefore they are related to biorthogonal rational functions. Polynomials $g_n$ possess a differential equation (in $z$), and a recurrence relation (in $n$). We study integral representations for $g_n$, and some…
We establish some identities in law for the convolution of a beta prime distribution with itself, involving the square root of beta distributions. The proof of these identities relies on transformations on generalized hypergeometric series obtained via Appell series of the first kind and Thomae's relationships for ${}_3F_2(1)$. Using a self-decomposability argument, the identities are applied to derive complete monotonicity properties for quotients of confluent hypergeometric functions having a doubling character. By means of probability, we also obtain a simple proof of Turán's inequality for…
In this article we present a method to implement orthogonal polynomials and many other special functions in Computer Algebra systems enabling the user to work with those functions appropriately, and in particular to verify different types of identities for those functions. Some of these identities like differential equations, power series representations, and hypergeometric representations can even dealt with algorithmically, i.\ e.\ they can be computed by the Computer Algebra system, rather than only verified. The types of functions that can be treated by the given technique cover the genera…
Identities involving finite sums of products of hypergeometric functions and their duals have been studied since 1930s. Recently Beukers and Jouhet have used an algebraic approach to derive a very general family of duality relations. In this paper we provide an alternative way of obtaining such results. Our method is very simple and it is based on the non-local derangement identity.
The method of rational function certification for proving terminating hypergeometric identities is extended from single sums or integrals to multi-integral/sums and ``$q$'' integral/sums.
This paper argues that automated proofs of identities for non-terminating hypergeometric series are feasible by a combination of Zeilberger's algorithm and asymptotic estimates. For two analogues of Saalschütz' summation formula in the non-terminating case this is illustrated.
The indefinite integral $$ \int x^αe^{ηx^β}\,_pF_q (a_1, a_2, \cdot\cdot\cdot a_p; b_1, b_2, \cdot\cdot\cdot, b_q; λx^γ)dx, $$ where $α, η, β, λ, γ\ne0$ are real or complex constants and $_pF_q$ is the generalized hypergeometric function, is evaluated in terms of an infinite series involving the generalized hypergeometric function. Related integrals in which the exponential function $e^{ηx^β}$ is either replaced by the hyperbolic function $\cosh\left(ηx^β\right)$ or $\sinh\left(ηx^β\right)$, or the sinusoidal function $\cos\left(ηx^β\right)$ or $\sin\left(ηx^β\right)$, are also evaluated in te…
We outline an elementary method for proving numerical hypergeometric identities, in particular, Ramanujan-type identities for $1/π$. The principal idea is using algebraic transformations of arithmetic hypergeometric series to translate non-singular points into singular ones, where the required constants can be computed using asymptotic analysis.
Pfaff's Method Revisited
本文重新审视1797年普法夫提出的超几何级数求和方法，并将其推广用于证明一系列终止型q-超几何级数-乘积恒等式，展示了该方法的广泛适用性。
It is shown that the classical quadratic and cubic transformation identities satisfied by the hypergeometric function ${}_3F_2$ can be extended to include additional parameter pairs, which differ by integers. In the extended identities, which involve hypergeometric functions of arbitrarily high order, the added parameters are nonlinearly constrained: in the quadratic case, they are the negated roots of certain orthogonal polynomials of a discrete argument (dual Hahn and Racah ones). Specializations and applications of the extended identities are given, including an extension of Whipple's ident…
In math.QA/0309252, the author proved a number of multivariate elliptic hypergeometric integrals. The purpose of the present note is to explore more carefully the various limiting cases (hyperbolic, trigonometric, rational, and classical) that exist. In particular, we show (using some new estimates of generalized gamma functions) that the hyperbolic integrals (previously treated as purely formal limits) are indeed limiting cases. We also obtain a number of new trigonometric (q-hypergeometric) integral identities as limits from the elliptic level.
Complex and rational hypergeometric functions on root systems
本文研究了根系统上椭圆超几何积分的新极限，通过准周期退化获得可精确求值的复 beta 积分，证明了非紧自旋链理论中的 Derkachov--Manashov 猜想，并导出了有理函数积分之和的新超几何恒等式。
We give several expansion and identities involving the Ramanujan function $A_q$ and the Stieltjes--Wigert polynomials. Special values of our idenitities give $m$-versions of some of the items on the Slater list of Rogers-Ramanujan type identities. We also study some bilateral extensions of certain transformations in the theory of basic hypergeometric functions.
Recently, Feng, Kuznetsov and Yang discovered a very general reduction formula for a sum of products of the generalized hypergeometric functions (J. Math. Anal. Appl. 443(2016), 116--122). The main goal of this note is to present a generalization of a particular case of their identity when the generalized hypergeometric function is reduced to the Kummer function 1F1. Our generalized formula contains an additional integer shift in the bottom parameter of the Kummer function. The key ingredient of the proof is a summation formula for the Clausen series 3F2(1) with two integral parameter differen…
Coxeter Symmetry in Hypergeometric Functions and Elliptic Integral Moments
本文建立超几何框架，利用$W(D_5)$对称性统一推导椭圆积分矩、调和和及特殊值恒等式，揭示其共同对称性来源。
We prove formulas for special values of the Ramanujan tau zeta function. Our formulas show that $L(Δ, k)$ is a period in the sense of Kontsevich and Zagier when $k\ge12$. As an illustration, we reduce $L(Δ, k)$ to explicit integrals of hypergeometric and algebraic functions when $k\in\{12,13,14,15\}$.
The celebrated Zeilberger algorithm which finds holonomic recurrence equations for definite sums of hypergeometric terms $F(n,k)$ is extended to certain nonhypergeometric terms. An expression $F(n,k)$ is called a hypergeometric term if both $F(n+1,k)/F(n,k)$ and $F(n,k+1)/F(n,k)$ are rational functions. Typical examples are ratios of products of exponentials, factorials, $Γ$ function terms, bin omial coefficients, and Pochhammer symbols that are integer-linear with respect to $n$ and $k$ in their arguments. We consider the more general case of ratios of products of exponentials, factorials, $Γ…
We survey the applications of an elementary identity used by Euler in one of his proofs of the Pentagonal Number Theorem. Using a suitably reformulated version of this identity that we call Euler's Telescoping Lemma, we give alternate proofs of all the key summation theorems for terminating Hypergeometric Series and Basic Hypergeometric Series, including the terminating Binomial Theorem, the Chu--Vandermonde sum, the Pfaff--Saalch\" utz sum, and their $q$-analogues. We also give a proof of Jackson's $q$-analog of Dougall's sum, the sum of a terminating, balanced, very-well-poised $_8ϕ_7$ sum. …
Using multiple q-integrals and a determinant evaluation, we establish a multivariable extension of Bailey's nonterminating 10-phi-9 transformation. From this result, we deduce new multivariable terminating 10-phi-9 transformations, 8-phi-7 summations and other identities. We also use similar methods to derive new multivariable 1-psi-1 summations. Some of our results are extended to the case of elliptic hypergeometric series.
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