arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2011.00530hep-phhep-ex
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$e^+e^-$碰撞中对$Z\to b\bar{b}$前后不对称性的修正QCD效应

Revised QCD effects on the $Z\to b\bar{b}$ forward-backward asymmetry in $e^+e^-$ collisions

David d'Enterria, Cynthia Yan

AI总结:

本文利用现代部分子簇射模拟重新评估了LEP实验中$b$夸克前后不对称性的QCD系统不确定性,结合NNLO修正将不确定性减半,使数据与标准模型的偏差从2.4$\sigma$降至2.2$\sigma$,并指出需新型高亮度对撞机解决该差异。

摘要:

在LEP上测得的Z极点$e^+e^-$碰撞中$b$夸克的前后(FB)不对称性$A_\text{FB}^{0,b} = 0.0992\pm0.0016$,至今仍是与标准模型预测$(A_\text{FB}^{0,b})_{_\text{th}} = 0.1030 \pm 0.0002$存在最大偏差(2.4$\sigma$)的电弱精确观测量之一。除了主要的统计不确定性外,QCD效应(如$b$夸克簇射和强子化)是$A_\text{FB}^{0,b}$系统不确定性的主要来源,且在过去二十年中未被重新修订。我们使用现代部分子簇射PYTHIA 8和VINCIA模拟,结合软与共线辐射及部分子碎裂的九种不同实现,重新评估了八项原始$A_\text{FB}^{0,b}$ LEP测量的QCD不确定性。我们的分析结合独立计算的NNLO大质量$b$夸克修正,表明轻子和喷注电荷分析的传播QCD总不确定性分别约为0.7%和0.3%,比原始LEP结果小约两倍。计入这些更新后的QCD效应得出新的$A_\text{FB}^{0,b} = 0.0995\pm0.0016$平均值,数据与理论的张力从2.4$\sigma$略微降至2.2$\sigma$。要确认或解决这一长期差异,需要新的高亮度$e^+e^-$对撞机在Z极点收集数量级更多的数据,以显著减小主要的$A_\text{FB}^{0,b}$统计不确定性,并增进我们对$b$夸克簇射和强子化的理解。

英文摘要:

The forward-backward (FB) asymmetry of $b$ quarks in $e^+e^-$ collisions at the Z pole measured at LEP, $A_\text{FB}^{0,b} = 0.0992\pm0.0016$, remains today one of the electroweak precision observables with the largest disagreement (2.4$σ$) with respect to the Standard Model prediction, $(A_\text{FB}^{0,b})_{_\text{th}} = 0.1030 \pm 0.0002$. Beyond the dominant statistical uncertainties, QCD effects, such as $b$-quark showering and hadronization, are the leading sources of $A_\text{FB}^{0,b}$ systematic uncertainty, and have not been revised in the last twenty years. We reassess the QCD uncertainties of the eight original $A_\text{FB}^{0,b}$ LEP measurements, using modern parton shower PYTHIA 8 and VINCIA simulations with nine different implementations of soft and collinear radiation as well as of parton fragmentation. Our analysis, combined with NNLO massive $b$-quark corrections independently computed, indicates total propagated QCD uncertainties of $\sim$0.7\% and $\sim$0.3\% for the lepton- and jet-charge analyses, respectively, that are about a factor of two smaller than those of the original LEP results. Accounting for such updated QCD effects leads to a new $A_\text{FB}^{0,b} = 0.0995\pm0.0016$ average, with a data-theory tension slightly reduced from 2.4$σ$ to 2.2$σ$. Confirmation or resolution of this long-term discrepancy requires a new high-luminosity $e^+e^-$ collider collecting orders-of-magnitude more data at the Z pole to significantly reduce the dominant $A_\text{FB}^{0,b}$ statistical uncertainties, and to improve our understanding of $b$-quark showering and hadronization.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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