arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2009.09422q-bio.PEcond-mat.stat-mechcs.AIcs.LG
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通过接触者追踪数据的统计推断缓解流行病

Epidemic mitigation by statistical inference from contact tracing data

Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure(巴黎高等师范学院物理实验室);Université PSL(巴黎文理研究大学);CNRS(法国国家科学研究中心);Sorbonne Université(索邦大学);Université Paris-Diderot(巴黎第七大学);Sorbonne Paris Cité(索邦巴黎西岱大学);Politecnico di Torino(都灵理工大学);Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine(意大利基因组医学研究所);Collegio Carlo Alberto(卡洛·阿尔贝托学院);INFN Sezione di Torino(意大利国家核物理研究所都灵分部);The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics(阿卜杜斯·萨拉姆国际理论物理中心);École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(洛桑联邦理工学院)
Antoine Baker, Indaco Biazzo, Alfredo Braunstein, Giovanni Catania, Luca Dall'Asta, Alessandro Ingrosso, Florent Krzakala, Fabio Mazza, Marc Mézard, Anna Paola … 展开作者

Antoine Baker, Indaco Biazzo, Alfredo Braunstein, Giovanni Catania, Luca Dall'Asta, Alessandro Ingrosso, Florent Krzakala, Fabio Mazza, Marc Mézard, Anna Paola Muntoni, Maria Refinetti, Stefano Sarao Mannelli, Lenka Zdeborová

摘要:

追踪接触者是减轻COVID-19等大流行影响的重要工具。为了实现高效和可扩展的实时联系人跟踪,数字设备可以发挥重要作用。虽然人们对分析相关移动应用程序的隐私和道德风险给予了很多关注,但迄今为止,对优化其性能和评估其对缓解疫情的影响的研究要少得多。我们开发了贝叶斯推断方法来估计个体被感染的风险。这一推断是基于他最近的联系人名单和他们自己的风险水平,以及个人信息,如测试结果或综合征的存在。我们建议使用概率风险估计,以优化测试和检测策略,控制流行病。我们的研究结果表明,在一定范围内的流行病传播(通常是当人工追踪感染者的所有接触者变得几乎不可能,但在感染者的比例达到不可避免的封锁规模之前),这种对风险个体的推断可能是减轻流行病的有效方法。我们的方法转化为完全分布式的算法,只需要最近接触过的个人之间的通信。这样的通信可以被加密和匿名化,并且因此与隐私保护标准兼容。我们的结论是概率风险估计是能够提高数字接触跟踪的性能,并应考虑在目前开发的移动应用程序。

英文摘要:

Contact-tracing is an essential tool in order to mitigate the impact of pandemic such as the COVID-19. In order to achieve efficient and scalable contact-tracing in real time, digital devices can play an important role. While a lot of attention has been paid to analyzing the privacy and ethical risks of the associated mobile applications, so far much less research has been devoted to optimizing their performance and assessing their impact on the mitigation of the epidemic. We develop Bayesian inference methods to estimate the risk that an individual is infected. This inference is based on the list of his recent contacts and their own risk levels, as well as personal information such as results of tests or presence of syndromes. We propose to use probabilistic risk estimation in order to optimize testing and quarantining strategies for the control of an epidemic. Our results show that in some range of epidemic spreading (typically when the manual tracing of all contacts of infected people becomes practically impossible, but before the fraction of infected people reaches the scale where a lock-down becomes unavoidable), this inference of individuals at risk could be an efficient way to mitigate the epidemic. Our approaches translate into fully distributed algorithms that only require communication between individuals who have recently been in contact. Such communication may be encrypted and anonymized and thus compatible with privacy preserving standards. We conclude that probabilistic risk estimation is capable to enhance performance of digital contact tracing and should be considered in the currently developed mobile applications.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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