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arXiv 2009.08895hep-thhep-ph
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相对论化学势标量模型的注记

Remarks on relativistic scalar models with chemical potential

Tomas Brauner

摘要:

我们讨论了具有非零化学势的经典相对论性标量场理论的某些方面。首先,我们提供了一个经典的场论在非零密度的拉格朗日形式主义。所涵盖的方面包括问题的等价性的描述有限密度状态使用的化学势或时间相关的字段配置,选择的哈密顿量,其最小化产生的有限密度平衡态,和洛仑兹不变性的问题打破。其次,我们证明了如何低能量的有效场论的Nambu-Goldstone(NG)模式所产生的自发破坏的全球内部对称性可以制定明确的集成了重(Higgs)领域。这使得分析NG模的光谱及其相互作用成为可能,而不必处理NG场和希格斯场的混合,这在自发对称性破缺的线性西格玛模型描述中无处不在。

英文摘要:

We discuss selected aspects of classical relativistic scalar field theories with nonzero chemical potential. First, we offer a review of classical field theory at nonzero density within the Lagrangian formalism. The aspects covered include the question of equivalence of descriptions of finite-density states using a chemical potential or time-dependent field configurations, the choice of Hamiltonian whose minimization yields the finite-density equilibrium state, and the issue of breaking of Lorentz invariance. Second, we demonstrate how the low-energy effective field theory for Nambu-Goldstone (NG) modes arising from the spontaneous breakdown of global internal symmetries can be worked out explicitly by integrating out the heavy (Higgs) fields. This makes it possible to analyze the spectrum of NG modes and their interactions without having to deal with mixing of NG and Higgs fields, ubiquitous in the linear-sigma-model description of spontaneous symmetry breaking.

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