In economic literature, economic complexity is typically approximated on the basis of an economy's gross export structure. However, in times of ever increasingly integrated global value chains, gross exports may convey an inaccurate image of a country's economic performance since they also incorporate foreign value-added and double-counted exports. Thus, I introduce a new empirical approach approximating economic complexity based on a country's value-added export structure. This approach leads to substantially different complexity rankings compared to established metrics. Moreover, the explanatory power of GDP per capita growth rates for a sample of 40 lower-middle- to high-income countries is considerably higher, even if controlling for typical growth regression covariates.
From macro to micro: Economic complexity indicators for firm growth
Tor Vergata University of Rome（罗马托尔维加塔大学）；Enrico Fermi Research Centre（恩里科·费米研究中心）；Universitas Mercatorum（梅卡托姆大学）；University of Zurich（苏黎世大学）；University of Budapest（布达佩斯大学）
Linking Economic Complexity, Institutions and Income Inequality
Macro Connections, The MIT Media Lab（麻省理工学院媒体实验室）；Fraunhofer Center for International Management and Knowledge Economy（弗劳恩霍夫国际管理与知识经济中心）；Chair for Innovation Management und Economics, University of Leipzig（莱比锡大学创新管理与经济学教席）；Department of Computer Science, Universidad de Playa Ancha（阿纳查海滩大学计算机科学系）；Department of Informatics, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María（费德里科·圣玛丽亚技术大学信息学系）
Predicting the impact of e-commerce indices on international trade in Iran and other selected members of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) by using the artificial intelligence and P-VAR model
Functional Forms for Tractable Economic Models and the Cost Structure of International Trade
Graduate School of Economics, University of Tokyo（东京大学经济学研究科）；CERGE-EI（捷克经济与商业研究中心）；Microsoft Research New York City（微软研究院纽约分部）；Department of Economics, Princeton University（普林斯顿大学经济学系）
Institute for New Economic Thinking at the Oxford Martin School（牛津马丁学校新经济思维研究所）；Smith School for Enterprise and the Environment（企业与环境史密斯学院）；St Edmund Hall（圣埃德蒙学堂）；Department of Mathematics, Christ Church College（基督教堂学院数学系）；Department of Economics, St Catherine’s College（圣凯瑟琳学院经济学系）
The Impact of Services on Economic Complexity: Service Sophistication as Route for Economic Growth
Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts（马其顿科学院与艺术学院）；Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University Skopje（斯西里尔和美多迪乌斯大学斯科普里计算机科学与工程系）；Faculty of Computer Science, University Goce Delčev Štip（戈切·德尔切夫大学什蒂普计算机科学系）
Corvinus Institute for Advanced Studies, Corvinus University of Budapest（布达佩斯科维努斯大学科维努斯高级研究所）；Institute for Data Analytics and Information Systems, Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary（布达佩斯科维努斯大学数据分析与信息系统研究所）；Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, ELTE, Budapest, Hungary（布达佩斯罗兰·厄特沃什大学经济区域研究中心）；Complexity Science Hub, Vienna, Austria（维也纳复杂科学中心）；School of Business and Economics, Maastricht University, Netherlands（马斯特里赫特大学商学院）；Center for Collective Learning, IAST, Toulouse School of Economics, University of Toulouse Capitole, France（图卢兹经济学院集体学习中心）；Center for Collective Learning, CIAS, Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary（布达佩斯科维努斯大学CIAS集体学习中心）；Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, United Kingdom（曼彻斯特大学阿利亚曼彻斯特商学院）
