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arXiv 2008.10334astro-ph.CO
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Planck 2018对各向异性双折射的约束及其与CMB各向异性的互相关

Planck 2018 constraints on anisotropic birefringence and its cross-correlation with CMB anisotropy

Alessandro Gruppuso, Diego Molinari, Paolo Natoli, Luca Pagano

备注：
38 pages, 34 Figures. References added. Section 6 extended. Accepted for publication in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
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摘要：

标准电磁学的宇称违反扩展产生宇宙双折射，即光子在传播过程中线性偏振方向的真空旋转。我们采用{ \it Planck} 2018 CMB偏振数据来约束各向异性双折射，由其角功率谱$C_{\ell}^{αα}$建模，以及与CMB温度图$C_{\ell}^{αT}$的交叉相关性，尺度大于$\sim$ 15度。我们提出了联合限制的尺度不变量，$A^{αα} \equiv \ell (\ell +1) \, C_{\ell}^{αα} / 2 π$，并在互相关，$A^{αT} \equiv \ell (\ell +1) \, C_{\ell}^{αT} / 2 π$的模拟幅度。我们在误差预算范围内没有发现双折射的证据，并获得了$A^{αα} < 0.104 \, \mbox{[deg$ ^2 $]}$和$A^{αT}=1.50^{+2.41}_{-4.10} \, \mbox{[$ μ $K$ \cdot $deg] both at } 95 \% \mbox{ C.L.}$。后一个界限似乎在限制最近提出的一些早期暗能量模型以缓解$H_{0}$紧张局势方面具有竞争力。在$A^{αT}=0$处对联合似然进行切片，$A^{αα}$上的界在$A^{αα} < 0.085 \, \mbox{[deg$处变得更紧，$]}$在95 $\% \mbox{ C.L.}$处变得更紧。此外，我们将对$A^{αα}$的约束重新定义为对法拉第旋转负责的原始磁场振幅的约束，发现$B_{1 {\tiny \mbox{Mpc}}} < 26.9$ nG和$B_{1 {\tiny \mbox{Mpc}}} < 24.3$ nG在95 $\%$ C. L.分别针对边缘化和切片的情况。

英文摘要：

Parity-violating extensions of standard electromagnetism produce cosmic birefringence, the in vacuo rotation of the linear polarisation direction of a photon during propagation. We employ {\it Planck} 2018 CMB polarised data to constrain anisotropic birefringence, modeled by its angular power spectrum $C_{\ell}^{αα}$, and the cross-correlation with CMB temperature maps, $C_{\ell}^{αT}$, at scales larger than $\sim$15 degrees. We present joint limits on the scale invariant quantity, $A^{αα} \equiv \ell (\ell +1) \, C_{\ell}^{αα} / 2 π$, and on the analogous amplitude for the cross-correlation, $A^{αT} \equiv \ell (\ell +1) \, C_{\ell}^{αT} / 2 π$. We find no evidence of birefringence within the error budget and obtain $A^{αα} < 0.104 \, \mbox{[deg$^2$]}$ and $A^{αT}=1.50^{+2.41}_{-4.10} \, \mbox{[$μ$K$\cdot$deg] both at } 95 \% \mbox{ C.L.}$. The latter bound appears competitive in constraining a few early dark energy models recently proposed to alleviate the $H_{0}$ tension. Slicing the joint likelihood at $A^{αT}=0$, the bound on $A^{αα}$ becomes tighter at $A^{αα} < 0.085 \, \mbox{[deg$^2$]}$ at 95$\% \mbox{ C.L.}$. In addition we recast the constraints on $A^{αα}$ as a bound on the amplitude of primordial magnetic fields responsible for Faraday rotation, finding $B_{1 {\tiny \mbox{Mpc}}} < 26.9$ nG and $B_{1 {\tiny \mbox{Mpc}}} < 24.3$ nG at 95$\%$ C.L. for the marginalised and sliced case respectively.

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