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arXiv 2202.04584astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-th
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宇宙双光子晶体:具有CMB各向异性的交叉谱和交叉双谱

Cosmic Birefringence: Cross-Spectra and Cross-Bispectra with CMB Anisotropies

Alessandro Greco, Nicola Bartolo, Alessandro Gruppuso

摘要:

麦克斯韦电磁学的宇称违反扩展在传播过程中引起光子的线偏振平面的旋转。这种被称为宇宙双折射的效应会影响宇宙微波背景(CMB)观测,产生$E$和$B$偏振模式的混合,否则在标准场景中为零。这样的效果自然地由旋转角度参数化,该旋转角度可以被写为各向同性分量$α_0$和各向异性分量$δα(\hat{\mathbf{n}})$的和。在本文中,我们计算角功率谱和双谱涉及$δα$和CMB的温度和偏振图。特别是,相反发生的交叉谱,我们表明,即使在各向异性双折射角和CMB地图之间的原始交叉相关的情况下,存在非零的三点相关函数携带宇称破缺物理签名。此外,我们发现,这样的角度双谱仍然生存在一个制度的纯各向异性的宇宙双折射,这对应于保守的情况下,有$α_0=0$。这些双谱代表了一个额外的观察,旨在研究宇宙双折射和超越功率谱分析的宇称违反性质。它们还提供了一种方法来执行宇宙双折射的特定模型的一致性检查。此外,我们估计在所有可能的双折射双谱中,$\langleδα\, TB\rangle$和$\langleδα\,EB\rangle$是包含最大信噪比的双折射双谱。一旦宇宙的双折射信号被带到目前的限制水平,我们表明,这些bispectra是在未来的CMB实验范围内,作为LiteBIRD。

英文摘要:

Parity-violating extensions of Maxwell electromagnetism induce a rotation of the linear polarization plane of photons during propagation. This effect, known as cosmic birefringence, impacts on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations producing a mixing of $E$ and $B$ polarization modes which is otherwise null in the standard scenario. Such an effect is naturally parametrized by a rotation angle which can be written as the sum of an isotropic component $α_0$ and an anisotropic one $δα(\hat{\mathbf{n}})$. In this paper we compute angular power spectra and bispectra involving $δα$ and the CMB temperature and polarization maps. In particular, contrarily to what happens for the cross-spectra, we show that even in absence of primordial cross-correlations between the anisotropic birefringence angle and the CMB maps, there exist non-vanishing three-point correlation functions carrying signatures of parity-breaking physics. Furthermore, we find that such angular bispectra still survive in a regime of purely anisotropic cosmic birefringence, which corresponds to the conservative case of having $α_0=0$. These bispectra represent an additional observable aimed at studying cosmic birefringence and its parity-violating nature beyond power spectrum analyses. They provide also a way to perform consistency checks for specific models of cosmic birefringence. Moreover, we estimate that among all the possible birefringent bispectra, $\langleδα\, TB\rangle$ and $\langleδα\,EB\rangle$ are the ones which contain the largest signal-to-noise ratio. Once the cosmic birefringence signal is taken to be at the level of current constraints, we show that these bispectra are within reach of future CMB experiments, as LiteBIRD.

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