arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2008.09949cond-mat.stat-mechmath.PR
收藏

具有仿射反应的次扩散限制分数阶反应-次扩散方程:解、随机路径和应用

Subdiffusion-limited fractional reaction-subdiffusion equations with affine reactions: Solution, stochastic paths, and applications

Sean D Lawley

摘要:

与正常扩散相反,不存在通过反常亚扩散移动的化学物种之间的反应的正则模型。事实上,描述反应-亚扩散的介观方程的类型取决于对单个分子微观行为的微妙假设。此外,介观和微观模型之间的对应关系还没有得到很好的理解。在本文中,我们研究了亚扩散限制模型,这是由介观方程的分数阶导数适用于运动和反应项。假设反应项是仿射函数,我们证明了分数阶系统的解是相应整数阶系统的解随时间随机变化的期望。这一结果给出了拉普拉斯空间中分数阶解与整数阶解之间简单而明确的代数关系。然后,我们找到了微观朗之万描述的个别分子,对应于这样的介观方程,并给出了一个计算机模拟方法来产生他们的随机轨迹。这种分析确定了一些精确的微观条件,决定了这种类型的介观模型是或不适合。我们将我们的研究结果应用于细胞生物学中的几种情况,尽管亚扩散在细胞环境中无处不在,但几乎完全由正常扩散建模。具体而言,我们认为亚扩散模型的形态梯度形成,波动的流动性,和荧光恢复后光漂白(FRAP)实验。我们也将我们的结果应用到分数阶常微分方程。

英文摘要:

In contrast to normal diffusion, there is no canonical model for reactions between chemical species which move by anomalous subdiffusion. Indeed, the type of mesoscopic equation describing reaction-subdiffusion depends on subtle assumptions about the microscopic behavior of individual molecules. Furthermore, the correspondence between mesoscopic and microscopic models is not well understood. In this paper, we study the subdiffusion-limited model, which is defined by mesoscopic equations with fractional derivatives applied to both the movement and the reaction terms. Assuming that the reaction terms are affine functions, we show that the solution to the fractional system is the expectation of a random time change of the solution to the corresponding integer order system. This result yields a simple and explicit algebraic relationship between the fractional and integer order solutions in Laplace space. We then find the microscopic Langevin description of individual molecules that corresponds to such mesoscopic equations and give a computer simulation method to generate their stochastic trajectories. This analysis identifies some precise microscopic conditions that dictate when this type of mesoscopic model is or is not appropriate. We apply our results to several scenarios in cell biology which, despite the ubiquity of subdiffusion in cellular environments, have been modeled almost exclusively by normal diffusion. Specifically, we consider subdiffusive models of morphogen gradient formation, fluctuating mobility, and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments. We also apply our results to fractional ordinary differential equations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑