有限平均停留时间的分数时间随机游走亚扩散和反常输运：更快，而不是更慢
Fractional time random walk subdiffusion and anomalous transport with finite mean residence times: faster, not slower
摘要：
连续时间随机游走（CTRW）的子扩散以及与之相关的分数阶Fokker-Planck方程（FFPE）传统上是以平均周期发散的随机钟为前提的。这项工作考虑了另一种CTRW和FFPE描述的特点是有限的平均停留时间（MRT）在任何空间域的有限大小。瞬态亚扩散输运可以发生在一个非常大的时间尺度$τ_c$，它可以大大超过平均停留时间在任何陷阱，$τ_c\gg <τ>$，甚至不相关。渐近地，在宏观尺度上的运输成为正常的$t\ggτ_c$。然而，介观输运是反常的。从粘弹性subdiffusion没有长程反相关的位置增量是必需的。此外，我们的研究表明，瞬态亚扩散和输运比宏观尺度上的正态渐近极限所期望的要快。由于细胞质的宏观粘度是有限的，这一观察对生物细胞中的异常介观输运过程具有深远的意义。
英文摘要：
Continuous time random walk (CTRW) subdiffusion along with the associated fractional Fokker-Planck equation (FFPE) is traditionally based on the premise of random clock with divergent mean period. This work considers an alternative CTRW and FFPE description which is featured by finite mean residence times (MRTs) in any spatial domain of finite size. Transient subdiffusive transport can occur on a very large time scale $τ_c$ which can greatly exceed mean residence time in any trap, $τ_c\gg <τ>$, and even not being related to it. Asymptotically, on a macroscale transport becomes normal for $t\ggτ_c$. However, mesoscopic transport is anomalous. Differently from viscoelastic subdiffusion no long-range anti-correlations among position increments are required. Moreover, our study makes it obvious that the transient subdiffusion and transport are faster than one expects from their normal asymptotic limit on a macroscale. This observation has profound implications for anomalous mesoscopic transport processes in biological cells because of macroscopic viscosity of cytoplasm is finite.
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