We study viscoelastic subdiffusion in bistable and periodic potentials within the Generalized Langevin Equation approach. Our results justify the (ultra)slow fluctuating rate view of the corresponding bistable non-Markovian dynamics which displays bursting and anti-correlation of the residence times in two potential wells. The transition kinetics is asymptotically stretched-exponential when the potential barrier $V_0$ several times exceeds thermal energy $k_BT$ ($V_0\sim 2 - 10 k_BT$) and it cannot be described by the non-Markovian rate theory (NMRT). The well-known NMRT result approximates, however, ever better with the increasing barrier height, the most probable logarithm of the residence times. Moreover, the rate description is gradually restored when the barrier height exceeds a fuzzy borderline which depends on the power law exponent of free subdiffusion $α$. Such a potential-free subdiffusion is ergodic. Surprisingly, in periodic potentials it is not sensitive to the barrier height in the long time asymptotic limit. However, the transient to this asymptotic regime is extremally slow and it does profoundly depend on the barrier height. The time-scale of such subdiffusion can exceed the mean residence time in a potential well, or in a finite spatial domain by many orders of magnitude. All these features are in sharp contrast with an alternative subdiffusion mechanism involving jumps among traps with the divergent mean residence time in these traps.
This work justifies the paradigmatic importance of viscoelastic subdiffusion in random environments for cellular biological systems. This model displays several remarkable features, which makes it an attractive paradigm to explain the physical nature of biological subdiffusion. In particular, it combines viscoelasticity with distinct non-ergodic features. We extend this model to make it suitable for the subdiffusion of lipids in disordered biological membranes upon including the inertial effects. For lipids, the inertial effects occur in the range of picoseconds, and a power-law decaying visco…
Diffusion equation with a fractional Caputo time derivative with respect to another function $g$, which defines new time scale of the process, is applied to describe anomalous diffusion of antibiotic (colistin) in a system consisting of packed gel (alginate) beads immersed in water and impregnated with the antibiotic. We show that ultraslow diffusion of colistin in the system occurs. The equation, which is more general than the "ordinary" fractional subdiffusion equation, can be widely used in various fields of science to model diffusion in a matrix with channels system when subdiffusion param…
Comment to the Paper of Michael J. Saxton: "A Biological Interpretation of Transient Anomalous Subdiffusion. I. Qualitative Model"
在最近的一篇论文中,Michael J. Saxton提出将均方位移(MSD)图中出现的明显瞬态亚扩散机制解释为异常扩散,MSD图是根据单粒子(或分子)跟踪技术(SPT或SMT)获得的活细胞中分子扩散的实验轨迹计算的。在这篇评论中,在不质疑亚扩散行为的存在的情况下,它肯定在生命系统中的许多机制中起着关键作用,我们指出,J.M.萨克斯顿也可以用一个简单的定律来拟合,这是由于在短时间内的受限扩散,在较长时间内叠加了较慢的自由扩散。当将MSD图可视化时,从尺寸为L的区域中的短期扩散到较慢的长期自由扩散的过渡可能与几个数量级的时间内的异常扩散相混淆。
Anomalous diffusion in coupled viscoelastic media: A fractional Langevin equation approach
Pohang University of Science and Technology(浦项科技大学);Institute for Theoretical Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology(浦项科技大学理论科学研究所);Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics(亚太理论物理中心)
We introduce a model, in which a particle performs a continuous time random walk (CTRW) coupled to an environment with Ising dynamics. The particle shows locally varying diffusivity determined by the geometrical properties of the underlying Ising environment, that is, the diffusivity depends on the size of the connected area of spins pointing in the same direction. The model shows anomalous diffusion when the Ising environment is at critical temperature. We show that any finite scale introduced by a temperature different from the critical one, or a finite size of the environment, cause subdiff…
Anomalous transport resolved in space and time by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
在拥挤的细胞膜中普遍观察到的是分子运输不遵循菲克扩散,而是呈现亚扩散。这种行为的微观起源还没有被理解和高度辩论。在这里,我们讨论了两个模型的时空动力学的亚扩散:分数布朗运动和受阻运动由于不动的障碍。我们表明,不同的微观机制,可以区分使用荧光相关光谱(FCS)的共聚焦检测区域的系统变化。我们提供了一个空间分辨FCS的理论框架,通过推广FCS理论超越了空间高斯传输的共同假设。我们推导出FCS自相关函数的主公式,从中可以看出,FCS实验的束腰是一个同样重要的参数,散射实验的波数。这些结果导致两个模型的FCS相关性的标度特性,这是在硅片实验测试。此外,我们的缩放预测与Wawrezinieck等人[Biophys. J. 89,4029(2005)]用于跨膜蛋白的体内实验。
Using extensive numerical studies we demonstrate that absolute negative mobility of a Brownian particle (i.e. the net motion into the direction opposite to a constant biasing force acting around zero bias) does coexist with anomalous diffusion. The latter is characterized in terms of a nonlinear scaling with time of the mean-square deviation of the particle position. Such anomalous diffusion covers "coherent" motion (i.e. the position dynamics x(t) approaches in evolving time a constant dispersion), ballistic diffusion, subdiffusion, superdiffusion and hyperdiffusion. In providing evidence for…
Externally driven condensates show translation-induced polarization, directed coalescence, and anomalous diffusion in viscoelastic media
Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院医学工程与科学研究所);Department of Systems Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research(亥姆霍兹感染研究中心系统免疫学部);Institute for Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technische Universität Braunschweig(布伦瑞克工业大学生物化学、生物技术及生物信息学研究所);Lower Saxony Center for Artificial Intelligence and Causal Methods in Medicine (CAIMed)(下萨克森州医学人工智能与因果方法中心(CAIMed))