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arXiv 2007.14567math.NTmath.PR
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随机多项式的不可约性:一般测度

Irreducibility of random polynomials: general measures

Lior Bary-Soroker, Dimitris Koukoulopoulos, Gady Kozma

AI总结:

本文研究系数服从一般有限支撑整数测度的随机首一多项式,证明其无低次因式,并在多类均匀测度下以高概率不可约且 Galois 群为 $\mathcal{A}_n$ 或 $\mathcal{S}_n$。

摘要:

设 $μ$ 是定义在 $\mathbb{Z}$ 上的概率测度,且它不是 Dirac 质量并具有有限支撑。我们证明,如果次数为 $n$ 的首一多项式 $f(x)\in\mathbb{Z}[x]$ 的系数按照 $μ$ 独立随机选取,同时保证 $f(0)\neq0$,那么存在一个正的常数 $θ=θ(μ)$,使得当 $n\to\infty$ 时,$f(x)$ 没有次数 $\le θn$ 的因式的概率趋于 1。此外,在某些情形下,我们证明满足 $f(0)\neq0$ 的随机多项式 $f(x)$ 不可约的概率在 $n\to\infty$ 时趋于 1。特别地,当 $μ$ 是至少 35 个连续整数构成集合上的均匀测度,或者当 $H$ 充分大时,是 $[-H,H]\cap\mathbb{Z}$ 的一个基数 $\ge H^{4/5}(\log H)^2$ 的子集上的均匀测度,便属于这种情形。此外,在所有这些设定中,我们证明 $f(x)$ 的 Galois 群以高概率为 $\mathcal{A}_n$ 或 $\mathcal{S}_n$。最后,当 $μ$ 是至少含两个元素的有限等差数列上的均匀测度时,我们证明上述随机多项式不可约的概率对某个常数 $δ=δ(μ)>0$ 满足 $\geδ$。事实上,如果该等差数列的公差为 1,我们证明更强的结果:$f(x)$ 的 Galois 群为 $\mathcal{A}_n$ 或 $\mathcal{S}_n$ 的概率 $\geδ$。

英文摘要:

Let $μ$ be a probability measure on $\mathbb{Z}$ that is not a Dirac mass and that has finite support. We prove that if the coefficients of a monic polynomial $f(x)\in\mathbb{Z}[x]$ of degree $n$ are chosen independently at random according to $μ$ while ensuring that $f(0)\neq0$, then there is a positive constant $θ=θ(μ)$ such that $f(x)$ has no divisors of degree $\le θn$ with probability that tends to 1 as $n\to\infty$. Furthermore, in certain cases, we show that a random polynomial $f(x)$ with $f(0)\neq0$ is irreducible with probability tending to 1 as $n\to\infty$. In particular, this is the case if $μ$ is the uniform measure on a set of at least 35 consecutive integers, or on a subset of $[-H,H]\cap\mathbb{Z}$ of cardinality $\ge H^{4/5}(\log H)^2$ with $H$ sufficiently large. In addition, in all of these settings, we show that the Galois group of $f(x)$ is either $\mathcal{A}_n$ or $\mathcal{S}_n$ with high probability. Finally, when $μ$ is the uniform measure on a finite arithmetic progression of at least two elements, we prove a random polynomial $f(x)$ as above is irreducible with probability $\geδ$ for some constant $δ=δ(μ)>0$. In fact, if the arithmetic progression has step 1, we prove the stronger result that the Galois group of $f(x)$ is $\mathcal{A}_n$ or $\mathcal{S}_n$ with probability $\geδ$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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