arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2007.12952cs.ROcs.SYeess.SY
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对象切换:机器人技术综述

Object Handovers: a Review for Robotics

Queensland University of Technology(昆士兰科技大学);ARC Centre of Excellence for Robotic Vision(澳大利亚研究理事会机器人视觉卓越中心);Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems(马克斯·普朗克智能系统研究所);Monash University(莫纳什大学);University of Birmingham(伯明翰大学)

Valerio Ortenzi, Akansel Cosgun, Tommaso Pardi, Wesley Chan, Elizabeth Croft, Dana Kulic

摘要:

本文综述了人类-机器人对象转换器的文献。移交是一个合作的联合行动,其中一个代理,给予者,给另一个代理,接收者一个对象。物理交换开始于接收者第一次接触给予者持有的物体,结束于给予者完全将物体释放给接收者。然而,重要的认知和物理过程在物理交换之前就开始了,包括启动关于交换地点和时间的隐含协议。从这个角度来看,我们的审查分为两个主要阶段,由上述事件界定:1)移交前阶段,2)物理交换。我们把我们的分析集中在两个演员(给予者和接收者),并报告了机器人给予者(机器人对人类的给予者)和机器人接收者(人类对机器人的给予者)的最新技术水平。我们报告了一个全面的清单,定性和定量指标通常用于评估的相互作用。虽然我们的审查集中在认知水平(例如,预测、感知、运动规划、学习)和物理水平(例如,运动、抓握、抓握释放),我们还简要讨论了安全、社会环境和人体工程学的概念。我们将人与人之间的交互过程中显示的行为与机器人助手的最新技术进行了比较,并确定了机器人助手的主要改进领域,以达到与人类交互相当的性能。最后,我们提出了一个最小的一组指标,应该使用,以便能够公平比较的方法。

英文摘要:

This article surveys the literature on human-robot object handovers. A handover is a collaborative joint action where an agent, the giver, gives an object to another agent, the receiver. The physical exchange starts when the receiver first contacts the object held by the giver and ends when the giver fully releases the object to the receiver. However, important cognitive and physical processes begin before the physical exchange, including initiating implicit agreement with respect to the location and timing of the exchange. From this perspective, we structure our review into the two main phases delimited by the aforementioned events: 1) a pre-handover phase, and 2) the physical exchange. We focus our analysis on the two actors (giver and receiver) and report the state of the art of robotic givers (robot-to-human handovers) and the robotic receivers (human-to-robot handovers). We report a comprehensive list of qualitative and quantitative metrics commonly used to assess the interaction. While focusing our review on the cognitive level (e.g., prediction, perception, motion planning, learning) and the physical level (e.g., motion, grasping, grip release) of the handover, we briefly discuss also the concepts of safety, social context, and ergonomics. We compare the behaviours displayed during human-to-human handovers to the state of the art of robotic assistants, and identify the major areas of improvement for robotic assistants to reach performance comparable to human interactions. Finally, we propose a minimal set of metrics that should be used in order to enable a fair comparison among the approaches.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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