人机交互是提高现代生产线柔性的重要组成部分。然而,在现实世界的应用中,任务(\ie,机器人需要操作的条件,例如环境照明条件、要与之交互的人类主体以及硬件平台)可能会变化,并且在这些变化的任务下最佳地且有效地配置和适配机器人系统仍然具有挑战性。为了应对这一挑战,本文提出了一种与任务无关的自适应控制器,该控制器可以1)适应不同的照明条件,2)适应个人行为并确保与不同人交互时的安全性,3)通过不同的控制接口轻松实现跨机器人平台的传输。建议的框架进行了测试,使用FANUC LR Mate 200 id/7 L机器人和Kinova Gen 3机器人的人机交接任务。实验结果表明,所提出的任务无关控制器可以在不同的任务之间实现一致的性能。
英文摘要:
Human-robot interaction (HRI) is an important component to improve the flexibility of modern production lines. However, in real-world applications, the task (\ie the conditions that the robot needs to operate on, such as the environmental lighting condition, the human subjects to interact with, and the hardware platforms) may vary and it remains challenging to optimally and efficiently configure and adapt the robotic system under these changing tasks. To address the challenge, this paper proposes a task-agnostic adaptable controller that can 1) adapt to different lighting conditions, 2) adapt to individual behaviors and ensure safety when interacting with different humans, and 3) enable easy transfer across robot platforms with different control interfaces. The proposed framework is tested on a human-robot handover task using the FANUC LR Mate 200id/7L robot and the Kinova Gen3 robot. Experiments show that the proposed task-agnostic controller can achieve consistent performance across different tasks.
Adaptive vs. Static Robot-to-Human Handover: A Study on Orientation and Approach Direction
Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia(工程学院"Enzo Ferrari",摩德纳和雷吉奥艾米利亚大学);Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia(外科、医学、牙科和形态学科学学院,摩德纳和雷吉奥艾米利亚大学)
An Experimental Validation and Comparison of Reaching Motion Models for Unconstrained Handovers: Towards Generating Humanlike Motions for Human-Robot Handovers
Monash University(莫纳什大学);University of British Columbia(不列颠哥伦比亚大学)
Generative Grasp Detection and Estimation with Concept Learning-based Safety Criteria
Innovative Factory Solutions(创新工厂解决方案);German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI)(德国人工智能研究中心);Chair of Machine Tools and Control Systems (WSKL)(机械工具与控制系统教授职位);Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität (RPTU)(莱茵-瓦尔德技术大学)
R2HandoverSim: A Simulation Framework and Benchmark for Robot-to-Human Object Handovers
DANiLab, University of Leicester(莱斯特大学DANiLab);School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, University of Leicester(莱斯特大学计算与数学科学学院);School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham(伯明翰大学冶金与材料学院)
STL-Based Motion Planning and Uncertainty-Aware Risk Analysis for Human-Robot Collaboration with a Multi-Rotor Aerial Vehicle
Department of Cybernetics, Czech Technical University in Prague(捷克技术大学布拉格分校控制学系);Department of Power Generation Technologies and Materials, Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A.(能源系统研究股份有限公司电力生成技术与材料学系);Robotics and Mechatronics Department, Electrical Engineering, Mathematics, and Computer Science Faculty, University of Twente(代尔夫特理工大学机器人与机电学系,电气工程、数学与计算机科学学院);Department of Computer, Control and Management Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome(罗马萨皮恩扎大学计算机、控制与管理工程系)
Intent-Handover: Grounding Language in Human-Usage Regions for Trustworthy Robot-to-Human Handovers
DANiLab, University of Leicester(莱斯特大学DANiLab);University of Leicester(莱斯特大学);School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, University of Leicester(莱斯特大学计算与数学科学学院);School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham(伯明翰大学冶金与材料学院)
The Turkish Ice Cream Robot: Examining Playful Deception in Social Human-Robot Interactions
Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University(人工智能系,韩国大学);Ingenuity Labs Research Institute and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen’s University(创新实验室研究机构和电气与计算机工程系,皇后大学);Department of Artificial Intelligence, Yonsei University(人工智能系,延世大学);Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University(机器人研究所,卡内基梅隆大学)
Comparing Subjective Perceptions of Robot-to-Human Handover Trajectories
Monash University(莫纳什大学);University of British Columbia(不列颠哥伦比亚大学);Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学);Deakin University(迪肯大学);University of Victoria(维多利亚大学)
Object-Independent Human-to-Robot Handovers using Real Time Robotic Vision
TU Wien(维也纳工业大学);Australian Center of Robotic Vision(澳大利亚机器人视觉中心);Monash University(蒙纳士大学);University of Birmingham(伯明翰大学);Queensland University of Technology(昆士兰科技大学)
SHARP: Shielding-Aware Robust Planning for Safe and Efficient Human-Robot Interaction
Princeton University(普林斯顿大学)
在人机交互(HRI)设置中共同实现安全性和效率是一个具有挑战性的问题,因为机器人的规划目标可能与人类自己的意图和期望不一致。最近的方法,确保安全的机器人操作在不确定的环境中,通过监督控制方案,有时被称为“屏蔽”,它覆盖机器人的标称计划与安全回退策略时,一个安全的关键事件是迫在眉睫的。这些反应性的“最后手段”策略(通常以积极的紧急机动的形式)专注于保护安全而不考虑效率;当名义计划者不知道可能的安全覆盖时,屏蔽可以比必要的更频繁地激活,导致性能下降。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个新的屏蔽为基础的规划方法,允许机器人规划效率明确占未来可能的屏蔽事件。利用贝叶斯人体运动预测的最新工作,由此产生的机器人政策积极平衡标称性能与低概率人类行为引发的高成本紧急演习的风险。我们形式化屏蔽感知鲁棒规划(SHARP)作为一个随机最优控制问题,并提出了一个计算效率高的框架,在运行时找到易于处理的近似解。我们的方法在模拟驾驶示例中的性能优于屏蔽不可知的运动规划基线(配备相同的人类意图推理方案),这些示例中的人类轨迹来自最近发布的Waymo Open Motion Dataset。
Queensland University of Technology(昆士兰科技大学);ARC Centre of Excellence for Robotic Vision(澳大利亚研究理事会机器人视觉卓越中心);Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems(马克斯·普朗克智能系统研究所);Monash University(莫纳什大学);University of Birmingham(伯明翰大学)
Platform-Agnostic Reinforcement Learning Framework for Safe Exploration of Cluttered Environments with Graph Attention
Robotics and AI Group, Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology(机器人与人工智能组,计算机科学、电气与空间工程系,吕勒奥技术大学)
AnyPos: Automated Task-Agnostic Actions for Bimanual Manipulation
Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Tech.(计算机科学与技术系);Institute for AI(人工智能研究院);BNRist Center(BNRist中心);THBI Lab(THBI实验室);Tsinghua-Bosch Joint ML Center(清华大学-博世联合机器学习中心);Tsinghua University(清华大学)